Burma Flag
ေတာ္လွန္ေရးသီခ်င္းမ်ား(Politics Song)
Thursday, 31 May 2012
Monday, 28 May 2012
ကေလးၿမိဳ႕တြင္ ထြန္းသြင္ကုမၸဏီမွ ဘိလပ္ေျမစက္ရံုတည္ေဆာက္မည္
ကေလးၿမိဳ႕တြင္ ထြန္းသြင္ကုမၸဏီမွ ဘိလပ္ေျမစက္ရံုတည္ေဆာက္သြားရန္စီစဥ္ေန
ေၾကာင္း ေဒသခံမ်ားထံမွသိရသည္။စက္ရံုတည္ေဆာက္မည့္ေနရာမွာကေလးၿမိဳ႕နယ္
အင္ဒိုင္းႀကီးရြာႏွင့္ ေပ(၃၅၀၀) ခန္႔ရွိထံုးေက်ာက္ေတာင္ေနရာတြင္ျဖစ္ၿပီး ကုမၸဏီမွ
တာ၀န္ရွိသူမ်ား၊ခရိုင္စိုက္ပ်ိဳးေရးလုပ္ငန္း၊ ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ေျမစာရင္းဦးစီးဌာန၊ေက်းရြာအုပ္
ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမွဴးတို႔မွ ကြင္းဆင္းစစ္ေဆးခဲ့ၾကၿပီး လုပ္ကြက္ဧရိယာ(၂၀၀၀)ခန္႔ရွိေၾကာင္း
သိရသည္။
၄င္းစက္ရံု နယ္နိမိတ္အတြင္းတြင္ ေတာရိုင္းေျမႏွင့္ သစ္ေတာႀကိဳး၀ိုင္းေျမ ဧက
(၁၀၀၀)ခန္႔ပါ၀င္ေနၿပီး အင္ဒိုင္းႀကီးႏွင့္ အင္ဒိုင္းေလးေက်းရြာတို႔မွေတာင္သူ(၄၀)
ဦးတို႔၏ စိုက္ပ်ိဳးေျမ (၄၆)ဧကလည္း ပါ၀င္ေနေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။
ဒီထံုးေက်ာက္ေတာင္ကို အမွီျပဳၿပီး ဒီေဒသခံေတြက ထံုးလုပ္ငန္းေတြလုပ္ကိုင္ေန
တာရွိတယ္။ကုမၸဏီက၀င္ၿပီးလုပ္ကိုင္မယ္ဆိုရင္ေတာ့ ေဒသခံေတြအတြက္အလုပ္
ေတြေပ်ာက္သြားႏိုင္တာေပါ့။ ဟု အင္ဒိုင္းႀကီးရြာသားတစ္ဦးမွ ေျပာခဲ့သည္။
ၿမိဳ႕နယ္သစ္ေတာဌာနမွ တာ၀န္ရွိသူတစ္ဦးကလည္း အစ္ကိုတို႔ဌာနက သူတို႔
ကုမၸဏီ)ရဲ႕ ဆႏၵအတိုင္း လုပ္ေပးရတာပါ။မလုပ္နဲ႔လို႔တားပိုင္ခြင့္မရွိပါဘူး။
သူတို႔ရဲ႕ လုပ္ကြက္ ဧရိယာထဲမွာေတာ့စီးပြားျဖစ္ အပင္ႀကီးေတြ မရွိပါဘူး။
အပင္ငယ္ေတြပဲ ရွိပါတယ္ ဟု ေျပာခဲ့သည္။
စက္ရံုေဆာက္တာ ေကာင္းေပမယ့္ ဒီေဒသရဲ႕ သဘာ၀ပတ္၀န္းက်င္ပ်က္စီးမယ္။
အထင္ရွားဆံုးက ေတာင္ႀကီးေပ်ာက္သြားမယ္။အနီးအနားကေက်းရြာေတြအတြက္
သဘာ၀ေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ေတြ ျဖစ္ေပၚမႈ ပိုမ်ားလာမယ္။ကာကြယ္ႏိုင္စြမ္းအားနည္း
သြားမယ္။ ဟု သဘာ၀ပတ္၀န္းက်င္ထိန္းသိမ္းေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား လုပ္ကိုင္ေနသူ
တစ္ဦးကေျပာျပခဲ့သည္။
ေတာင္သူမ်ား၏ စိုက္ပ်ိဳးေျမမ်ားအတြက္ ေလ်ာ္ေၾကးေငြမ်ားေပးသြားမည္ဟုသိရ
ၿပီးတရား၀င္သတ္မွတ္ထားေသာ ေလ်ာ္ေၾကးႏႈန္းထားမ်ား မရွိေသးေၾကာင္းလည္း
သိရသည္။ ႏိုင္ငံအ၀ွမ္း ဘိလပ္ေျမစက္ရံုတည္ေဆာက္လုပ္ကိုင္ခြင့္ရရွိထားေသာ
ကုမၸဏီမ်ားမွာ ထြန္းသြင္ကုမၸဏီအပါအ၀င္( ၂၁ ) ခုခန္႔ရွိၿပီး လည္ပတ္ေနေသာ
ဘိလပ္ေျမစက္ရံုေပါင္းမ်ာ(၁၄)ရံုရွိသည္ဟု သိရသည္။
ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ပူးတဲြေျကညာခ်က္
ေနျပည္ေတာ္၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္၊ ေမလ (၂၈) ရက္။
အိႏၵိယသမၼတနိုင္ငံဝန္ၾကိီခ်ဳပ္ေဒါက္တာမန္မိုဟန္ဆင္း၏ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမၼတျမန္မာ
နိုင္ငံေတာ္ခရီးစဉ္အတြင္း ထုတ္ျပန္သည့္ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယနွစ္နိုင္ငံပူးတဲြေၾကညာခ်က္
၁။ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမၼတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတ ဦးသိန္းစိန္၏ ဖိတ္ျကား
ခ်က္အရ အိႏၵိယသမၼတနိုင္ငံဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္ ေဒါက္တာမန္မိုဟန္ဆင္းသည္ ၂၀၁၂ခုနွစ္၊
ေမလ ၂၇ ရက္ေန့မွ ၂၉ ရက္ေန့အထိ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသို႔တရားဝင္ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီး
လာေရာက္လ်က္ရိွသည္။အိႏၵိယဝန္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္နွင့္အတူဇနီး ရွရီမာတီဂူရွာရန္ခါ လည္း
အတူ လိုက္ပါခဲ့သည္။
၂။အိႏိၵယဝန္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္အား ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမၼတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတမွ ေနျပည္ေတာ္၌ ဂုဏ္ျပုအခမ္းအနားျဖင့္ ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျပီး၊ ဂုဏ္ျပုညစာစားပဲြျဖင့္ တည္ခင္းဧည့္ခံခဲ့သည္။
၃အိႏိၵယဝန္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္၏ ယခုခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီးစဉ္သည္ နွစ္ေပါင္း (၂၅) နွစ္အတြင္း အိႏိၵယဝန္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္ တစ္ဦး၏ ပထမဦးဆံုး ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ခရီးစဉ္ျဖစ္ျပီး၊ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ဆက္ဆံေရး၏ သမိုင္းဝင္ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီး ျဖစ္သည္။
၄။နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္ဦးခ်င္း သီးျခားေတြ့ဆံုခဲ့ျပီးေနာက္၊ နွစ္ဘက္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္မ်ား ပါဝင္သည့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ တရားဝင္ေတြ့ဆံုေဆြးေနြးပဲြကို ဆက္လက္က်င္းပကာ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ၊ ေဒသတြင္းနွင့္ နိုင္ငံတကာ ေရးရာ အကို်းတူကိစၥရပ္မ်ားအေပၚ အျမင္ခ်င္းဖလွယ္ ေဆြးေနြးခဲ့ျကသည္။ ေတြ့ဆံုေဆြးေနြးမႈမ်ားကို ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ အိမ္နီးခ်င္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံနွင့္ ျပည္သူမ်ားအျကား ရိွရင္းစဲြ ခ်စ္ျကည္ရင္းနီွးေသာ ဆက္ဆံေရးကို ထပ္ဟပ္ေပၚလြင္ေစလ်က္ အျပန္ အလွန္ ေနြးေထြးရင္းနီွးစြာ အျပုသေဘာေဆာင္ ေဆြးေနြးခဲ့ျကသည္။
၅။နွစ္နိုင္ငံ တရားဝင္ ေတြ့ဆံုေဆြးေနြးပဲြသို့ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံဘက္မွ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္ ေဒါက္တာ မန္မိုဟန္ဆင္းနွင့္အတူ ျပည္ပေရးရာဝန္ျကီး ရွရီအက္စ္အမ္ကရစ္ရွနာ၊ အမို်းသား လံုျခံုေရးအျကံေပး ရွရီအက္စ္မီနြန္၊ ဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္၏အတြင္းဝန္ ရွရီပူေလာ့ခ်က္တာဂီ်၊ နိုင္ငံျခားေရးအတြင္းဝန္ ရွရီရန္ဂ်န္မထိုင္း၊ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံဆိုင္ရာ အိႏၵိယသံအမတ္ျကီး ေဒါက္တာ ဗီလာဆန္ဒါရာရာဂ်န္ရွေရွဒရီနွင့္ အဆင့္ျမင့္ အစိုးရ အရာရိွျကီးမ်ား ပါဝင္တက္ေရာက္ခဲ့ျကသည္။
၆ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံဘက္မွ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတ ဦးသိန္းစိန္နွင့္အတူ နိုင္ငံျခားေရးဝန္ျကီးဌာန၊ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ဝန္ျကီး ဦးဝဏ0x081ဏေမာင္လြင္နွင့္ အျခား ျပည္ေထာင္စုဝန္ျကီးမ်ား၊ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံဆိုင္ရာ ျမန္မာသံအမတ္ျကီး ဦးဇင္ေယာ္ နွင့္ အဆင့္ျမင့္အစိုးရအရာရိွျကီးမ်ား ပါဝင္တက္ေရာက္ ခဲ့ျကသည္။
၇။ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတ နွင့္ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္ တို့သည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ က႑စံုပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္မႈမ်ားနွင့္ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတ ဦးသိန္းစိန္၏ ၂၀၁၁ ခုနွစ္၊ ေအာက္တိုဘာလအတြင္း အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံသို့ သြားေရာက္ခဲ့သည့္ အထူးေအာင္ျမင္ေသာ တရားဝင္ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီးစဉ္ ေနာက္ပိုင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ျဖစ္ေပၚတိုးတက္မႈမ်ားကို က်ယ္က်ယ္ျပန့္ျပန့္ ေလ့လာသံုးသပ္ခဲ့ သည္။ နွစ္ဘက္စလံုးမွ ျဖစ္ထြန္းေပၚေပါက္လ်က္ရိွသည့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား တရားဝင္ အလည္အပတ္ခရီးစဉ္မ်ား၊ တိုးတက္လာသည့္ စီးပြားေရး၊ ကုန္သြယ္ေရး နွင့္ ယဉ္ေက်းမႈ ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္မႈမ်ား နွင့္ ျပည္သူမ်ားအခ်င္းခ်င္း ထိေတြ့ဆက္ဆံေနမႈမ်ား အေပၚတြင္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ေက်နပ္အားရမႈရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၈။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံခ်င္း၊ ေဒသတြင္းနွင့္ ကမၻာ့ေရးရာမ်ား၌ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အကို်းစီးပြားအတြက္ အနာဂတ္တြင္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမည့္ လုပ္ငန္းစဉ္အေပၚ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား နွစ္ဦးနွစ္ဘက္ အကို်းရိွေစမည့္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈမ်ားျဖစ္သည့္ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး၊ ပို့ေဆာင္ေရး၊ ထိေတြ့ဆက္ဆံေရး၊ လယ္ယာ စိုက္ပို်းေရး၊ ကုန္သြယ္ေရးနွင့္ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွေရး၊ အျပန္အလွန္ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရး အစီအစဉ္မ်ား တိုးျမွင့္ျပုလုပ္ေရး နွင့္ လူ့စြမ္းအားအရင္းအျမစ္ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး စသည့္ က႑မ်ားတြင္ ပူးေပါင္းလုပ္ေဆာင္သြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။
ထို့အျပင္သက္ဆိုင္ရာနိုင္ငံမ်ားမွ ျပည္သူမ်ား သာယာဝေျပာေရး နွင့္ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးအတြက္ ေဒသတြင္း တည္ျငိမ္ေအးခ်မ္းမႈရိွရန္ လိုအပ္ေျကာင္း အသိအမွတ္ျပုခဲ့ျကသည္။ ယင္းကိစၥနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အျကား နီးကပ္စြာ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈသည္ အေရးပါေျကာင္း နွင့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ျပည္သူမ်ား အကို်းအတြက္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ၏ အရင္းအျမစ္မ်ားကို ထိေရာက္စြာ အတူတကြ ပူးေပါင္း အသံုးျပုသြားရန္ လိုအပ္ေျကာင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၉။ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္က ျမန္မာအစိုးရ၏ ဒီမိုကေရစီ နွင့္ အမို်းသားစည္းလံုး ညီညွြတ္ေရး နွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ ထင္ရွားေသာ ျပုျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈ လုပ္ငန္းစဉ္မ်ား ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနမႈမ်ားနွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတအား ခီ်းကူ်းဂုဏ္ယူေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာအစိုးရအေနျဖင့္ တိုင္းရင္းသားအဖဲြ့မ်ားနွင့္ ျငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရး ေဆြးေနြးမႈမ်ား စတင္ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနျခင္း၊ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုျကည္ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ေသာ အမို်းသား ဒီမိုကေရစီအဖဲြ့ခု်ပ္ အပါအဝင္ နိုင္ငံေရးပါတီမ်ားနွင့္ ေတြ့ဆံုေဆြးေနြးျခင္း စေသာ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၌ ျဖစ္ေပၚလ်က္ ရိွသည့္ နိုင္ငံေရး၊ စီးပြားေရးနွင့္ လူမႈေရး ျပုျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈမ်ားအေပၚ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္က ခီ်းကူ်း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၌ မျကာေသးမီက ျကားျဖတ္ေရြးေကာက္ပဲြမ်ားကို လြတ္လပ္၊ တရားမွ်တျပီး ျငိမ္းခ်မ္းစြာ က်င္းပေပးနိုင္ခဲ့သည့္အတြက္လည္း ဝမ္းေျမာက္ဂုဏ္ယူေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၁၀။ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ဒီမိုကေရစီျပုျပင္ ေျပာင္းလဲေရး လုပ္ငန္းစဉ္မ်ား တိုးျမွင့္ ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ေစရန္နွင့္ ဒီမိုကေရစီ အဖဲြ့အစည္းမ်ားျဖစ္သည့္ လွြတ္ေတာ္၊ အမို်းသား လူ့အခြင့္အေရးေကာ္မရွင္ နွင့္ သတင္းမီဒီယာ အဖဲြ့အစည္းမ်ား စြမ္းေဆာင္ရည္ တိုးတက္ေစရန္ အတြက္ အိႏၵိယဘက္မွ လိုအပ္သည့္ ကူညီေထာက္ပံမႈမ်ား ေပးအပ္သြားလိုေျကာင္း ထပ္ေလာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ျပည္သူ့လွြတ္ေတာ္ ဥကၠဌ သူရဦးေရွြမန္း ေခါင္းေဆာင္ေသာ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ လွြတ္ေတာ္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္အဖဲြ့၏ ၂၀၁၁ ခုနွစ္၊ ဒီဇင္ဘာ အတြင္းက အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံသို့ လာေရာက္ခဲ့သည့္ ေအာင္ျမင္ေသာ ခရီးစဉ္ကို ျပန္ေျပာင္းသတိရလ်က္၊ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ျမန္မာ့ လြတ္ေတာ္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္မ်ား နွင့္ ဝန္ထမ္းမ်ားအတြက္ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမွ သင္တန္းမ်ား ေပးအပ္ သြားလိုေျကာင္း ကမ္းလွမ္းေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၁၁။ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္၏ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ခရီးစဉ္အတြင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ ျမွင့္တင္ေရးအတြက္ ေအာက္ေဖာ္ျပပါ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ/သေဘာတူညီခ်က္မ်ားကို နွစ္ဘက္ လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးခဲ့ျကသည္-
(၁) အိႏၵိယအစိုးရမွ ေပးအပ္မည့္ သက္သာေသာေခ်းေငြ အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာ သန္း (၅၀၀) နွင့္ပတ္သက္သည့္ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၂) ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ေလေျကာင္းဝန္ေဆာင္မႈဆိုင္ရာ သေဘာ တူညီခ်က္
(၃) ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နယ္စပ္ေဒသမ်ား ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈ စာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၄) ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ပူးတဲြကုန္သြယ္ေရး နွင့္ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈ ဖိုရမ္ တည္ေထာင္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၅) စိုက္ပို်းေရးသုေတသန နွင့္ ပညာေရးအဆင့္ျမင့္ဌာန တည္ေထာင္ေရး ဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈ စာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၆) ေနျပည္ေတာ္၊ စိုက္ပို်းေရးသုေတသနဦးစီးဌာန၌ ေခတ္မီပညာေပး စပါး ဇီဝဥယ်ာဉ္ တည္ေထာင္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၇) ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္ နွင့္ နည္းပညာဌာန တည္ေထာင္ေရး ဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ
(၈) ဒဂံုတကၠသိုလ္ နွင့္ ေကာ္လ္ကလက္ကတၱားတကၠသိုလ္ တို့အျကား ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္ေရး နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ(၉) ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ မဟာဗူ်ဟာ နွင့္ နိုင္ငံတကာေလ့လာေရးဌာန (MISIS) နွင့္ နယူးေဒလီရိွ (The Indian Council of World Affairs - ICWA) တို့အျကား ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေရး နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ(၁၀) ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ မဟာဗူ်ဟာ နွင့္ နိုင္ငံတကာေလ့လာေရးဌာန (MISIS) နွင့္ နယူးေဒလီရိွ (Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses - IDSA) တို့အျကား ပူးေပါင္းဆ ောင္ရြက္ေရး သေဘာတူညီခ်က္(၁၁) ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ယဉ္ေက်းမႈဖလွယ္ေရး အစီအစဉ္(၂၀၁၂- ၂၀၁၅)(၁၂) ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ နယ္စပ္၌ နယ္စပ္ေဈးမ်ား ဖြင့္လွစ္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ
၁၂။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံဆက္ဆံေရးသည္ တူညီေသာ သမိုင္းေျကာင္း၊ ပထဝီ အေနအထား၊ ယဉ္ေက်းမႈ နွင့္ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္မႈ အေပၚတြင္ အေျခခံေျကာင္း အသိအမွတ္ျပုခဲ့ျကသည္။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၏ ျပုျပင္ေျပာင္းလဲမႈအရ ၂၀၁၁ ခုနွစ္၊ မတ္လတြင္ ေပၚေပါက္လာသည့္ ဒီမိုကေရစီ အစိုးရလက္ထက္၌နွစ္နိုင္ငံပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈမ်ား သိသိသာသာ တိုးျမွင့္ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ခဲ့သည္ကို ျကိုဆို ေျကာင္းနွင့္ ယင္းသို့ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ မ်ားကို ပိုမိုအဆင့္ျမွင့္တင္သြားလိုသည့္ဆႏၵကို ထုတ္ေဖာ္ ခဲ့ျကသည္။ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံသို့ ၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္၊ ဇန္နဝါရီလအတြင္း သြားေရာက္ခဲ့ေသာ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၊ နိုင္ငံျခားေရးဝန္ျကီးဌာန၊ ျပည္ေထာင္စုဝန္ျကီး ဦးဝဏၰေမာင္လြင္ နွင့္ ၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္၊ ေဖေဖာ္ဝါရီလအတြင္းက သြားေရာက္ခဲ့ေသာ ေဆာက္လုပ္ေရး ဝန္ျကီးဌာန၊ ျပည္ေထာင္စုဝန္ျကီး ဦးခင္ေမာင္ျမင့္ တို့၏ခရီးစဉ္ နွင့္ ၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္၊ ေဖေဖာ္ဝါရီလအတြင္းက ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသို့ လာေရာက္ခဲ့ေသာ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံ ေရအရင္းအျမစ္နွင့္ လွြတ္ေတာ္ဆိုင္ရာဝန္ျကီး မစၥတာ ပီ ေက ဘန္ဆဲလ္ ၏ ခရီးစဉ္ စသည့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အျပန္အလွန္ ခရီးစဉ္မ်ား၏ ေအာင္ျမင္မႈကို နွစ္ဘက္ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ေက်နပ္အားရမႈ ရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။ နွစ္ဘက္စလံုးမွ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အဆင္ျမင့္ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ား၏ အျပန္အလွန္ခရီးစဉ္မ်ားကို ဆက္လက္ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္သြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျက သည္။
၁၃။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ အျကမ္းဖက္မႈမ်ားနွင့္ ေသာင္းက်န္းသူအဖဲြ့မ်ား၏ လႈပ္ရွားမႈ အသြင္သ႑န္ မို်းစံုကို တိုက္ဖ်က္သြားရန္ ဆႏၵရိွေျကာင္း ထပ္ေလာင္း အတည္ျပုေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးတြင္ အေရးပါသည့္ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ တည္ျငိမ္ ေအးခ်မ္းေရး နွင့္ လံုျခံုေရးရိွေစရန္အတြက္ လံုျခံုေရးတပ္ဖဲြ့မ်ား နွင့္ နယ္ျခားေစာင့္ တပ္ဖဲြ့မ်ား အျကား ပိုမိုပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္သြားရန္ လိုအပ္ေျကာင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ယင္းကိစၥနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား နယ္စပ္ေဒသ စီမံခန့္ခဲြမႈကို ပိုမိုထိေရာက္စြာ ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ ရည္ရြယ္လ်က္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ ေကာ္မတီ၏ ပထမအျကိမ္ အစည္းအေဝး ေအာင္ျမင္စြာ က်င္းပနိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ၏ သက္ဆိုင္ရာနယ္နိမိတ္မ်ားကို အျကမ္းဖက္သမားမ်ား၊ ေသာင္းက်န္းသူ အဖဲြ့အစည္းမ်ား နွင့္ ၄င္းတို့နွင့္ဆက္နြယ္သူမ်ားမွ ေလ့က်င့္ျခင္း၊ လြတ္ေျမာက္ရာေနရာ အျဖစ္ ခိုေအာင္းေနထိုင္ျခင္း၊ အျခားလႈပ္ရွားမႈမ်ား ေဆာင္ရြက္ျခင္းကို ခြင့္ျပုသြားမည္ မဟုတ္ေျကာင္း ထပ္ေလာင္းေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၁၄။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက နယ္စပ္ေဒသမ်ားကို ေကာင္းမြန္စြာ စီမံခန့္ခဲြျခင္းသည္ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ လံုျခံုေရး ထိန္းသိမ္းရာတြင္ အေရးပါေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။ ယင္း ကိစၥနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေျမတိုင္းဦးစီးဌာနမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ နယ္နိမိတ္ ေက်ာက္တိုင္မ်ားကို စနစ္တက် စစ္ေဆး ထိန္းသိမ္းသြားရန္ လိုအပ္ေျကာင္း ညွြန္ျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။ သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ေျမတိုင္းဦးစီးဌာန အျကီးအကဲမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ (၁၇) ျကိမ္ေျမာက္ နယ္စပ္နယ္ဘက္ အာဏာပိုင္မ်ား၏ နိုင္ငံေတာ္အဆင့္အစည္းအေဝးတြင္ ပူးတဲြေဖာ္ထုတ္ခဲ့သည့္ ေနရာမ်ား၌ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ပူးတဲြစစ္ေဆးရန္ေန့ရက္ကို ေဆာလ်င္စြာ အတည္ျပုသြားရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ မ်ားက ညွြန္ျကားခဲ့သည္။ေပါင္းစည္းဆက္သြယ္မႈ
၁၅။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ျပည္သူမ်ားအျကား ကုန္သြယ္ေရး၊ ယဉ္ေက်းမႈ၊ ကမၻာလွည့္ခရီးသြား လုပ္ငန္း အပါအဝင္ အျခားေသာ အျပန္အလွန္ သြားလာမႈမ်ား တိုးျမွင့္နိုင္ေစရန္အတြက္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အျကား ထိေတြ့ဆက္ဆံမႈ တိုးျမွင့္ေရးသည္ အေရးပါေျကာင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။ ထို့ျပင္ ကုလားတန္ျမစ္ေျကာင္း ဘက္စံုသယ္ယူပို့ေဆာင္ေရး စီမံကိန္းနွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ပံုမွန္ျဖစ္ေပၚ တိုးတက္မႈမ်ားအေပၚ ေက်နပ္အားရမႈရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္၊ ဧျပီလတြင္ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ နွစ္ဘက္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္အဖဲြ့မ်ား ပူးတဲြ ကြင္းဆင္းစစ္ေဆးမႈျပုလုပ္ျပီးေနာက္ ေဇာ္ရင္ပူရီ (မီဇိုရမ္) ၌ အေကာက္ခြန္စခန္း ဖြင့္လွစ္ရန္ ေနရာ သတ္မွတ္ေရးကိစၥကို အျပီးသတ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ ၂၀၁၆ ခုနွစ္တြင္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ျပီးစီးရန္ ရည္မွန္းထားသည့္ အဆိုပါစီမံကိန္းသည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ကုန္သြယ္ေရး နွင့္ ျပည္သူမ်ားအခ်င္းခ်င္း ထိေတြ့ဆက္ဆံေရးတို့ကို တိုးျမွင့္နိုင္မည့္အျပင္ ကုန္းတြင္းပိတ္ေဒသ ျဖစ္သည့္ အိႏၵိယ အေရွ့ေျမာက္ေဒသရိွ ျပည္သူမ်ား၏ ဘဝဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရးကိုလည္း အေထာက္အကူ ျပုနိုင္မည္ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း မွတ္သားခဲ့ျကသည္။၁၆။ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ တမူး-ကေလးဝ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးကားလမ္းေပၚရိွ တံတား (၇၁)စင္း အားျပုျပင္၊ အဆင့္ျမွင့္တင္မႈလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို တာဝန္ယူေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးမည္ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း ေျကညာခဲ့သည္။ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမွ ကေလးဝ-ယာျကီး လမ္းပိုင္းကိုလည္းေကာင္း၊ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံမွ ယာျကီး-မံုရြာ လမ္းပိုင္းကိုလည္းေကာင္း လာမည့္ ၂၀၁၆ ခုနွစ္ မတိုင္မီ အေဝးေျပးလမ္းမျကီး အဆင့္သို့ တိုးျမွင့္ေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့ျကသည္။ အဆိုပါ စီမံကိန္းသည္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံကိုျဖတ္၍ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံ၊ မိုေရး မွ ထိုင္းနိုင္ငံ၊ မဲေဆာက္သို့ ဆက္သြယ္မည့္ (၃) နိုင္ငံ လမ္းေဖာက္လုပ္မႈကို အေထာက္အကူျပုနိုင္မည္ဟု မွတ္ယူသည့္အတြက္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယ-ထိုင္း (၃)နိုင္ငံ အေဝးေျပးလမ္း ေဖာက္လုပ္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ ပူးတဲြလုပ္ငန္းအဖဲြ့၏ လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ျပန္လည္ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနမႈအေပၚ ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ သံုးနိုင္ငံ ထိေတြ့ ဆက္ဆံမႈကို လာမည့္ ၂၀၁၆ ခုနွစ္ မတိုင္မီ စတင္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ တျပိုင္တည္း ပူးေပါင္း ျကိုးပမ္းေဆာင္ရြက္သြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။၁၇။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံဆက္ဆံေရးတြင္ ျပည္သူမ်ားအခ်င္းခ်င္း ထိေတြ့ဆက္ဆံမႈသည္ အေရးပါ သည့္အေလ်ာက္ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံ၊ အင္ဖာျမို့ နွင့္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၊ မႏၱေလးျမို့ တို့အျကား ဘတ္စ္ကားလိုင္း ေျပးဆဲြရန္ နွစ္ဘက္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။ လုပ္ငန္း ေဆာလ်င္စြာ စတင္လည္ပတ္ နိုင္ေစေရးအတြက္ နွစ္ဘက္စလံုး၏ သက္ဆိုင္ရာတာဝန္ရိွသူမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ဖြယ္ရာမ်ားကို အျပီးသတ္ေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားမွ ညွြန္ျကားခဲ့သည္။
၁၈။ တိုက္ရိုက္ေလေျကာင္း ဆက္သြယ္မႈကို တိုးျမွင့္ေစနိုင္ျပီး၊ စီးပြားေရး ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ၊ ခရီးသြားလုပ္ငန္း နွင့္ ျပည္သူမ်ား အခ်င္းခ်င္း အျပန္အလွန္ သြားလာလည္ပတ္မႈ မ်ားကို အဆင္ေျပေခ်ာေမြ့ လြယ္ကူေစမည့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ေလေျကာင္းဝန္ေဆာင္မႈဆိုင္ရာ သေဘာတူညီမႈ စာခု်ပ္သစ္ လက္မွတ္ ေရးထိုးနိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းကို နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ ျကသည္။
၁၉။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား နယ္စပ္ျဖတ္ေက်ာ္ ရထားလမ္း အဆက္အသြယ္ ထူေထာင္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ နည္းပညာ နွင့္ ကုန္သြယ္မႈ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခအလားအလာမ်ား နွင့္ တိုက္ရိုက္ေရေျကာင္း အဆက္အသြယ္ ထူေထာင္ေရးဆိုင္ရာ ကုန္သြယ္မႈ ျဖစ္နိုင္ေျခအလားအလာမ်ားကို စဉ္းစား ဆံုးျဖတ္နိုင္ရန္ အတြက္ ပူးတဲြလုပ္ငန္းအဖဲြ့ တစ္ရပ္ကို ဖဲြ့စည္းတည္ေထာင္ သြားရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့ျကသည္။
၂၀။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံတြင္ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရိွသည့္ ထားဝယ္ေရနက္ ဆိပ္ကမ္းစီမံကိန္း ကဲ့သို့ေသာ အေရးပါသည့္ အေျခခံအေဆာက္အအံု စီမံကိန္းမ်ား ဖံြ့ျဖိုး တိုးတက္ေရးတြင္ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမွ ပါဝင္ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္မည့္ အလားအလာကိုလည္း နွစ္ဘက္ ေဆြးေနြးခဲ့ျကသည္။ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ
၂၁။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ဖံြ့ျဖိုးေရးဆိုင္ရာ ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္မႈမ်ား တိုးတက္ လာသည့္အေလ်ာက္ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမွ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသို့ ယေန့အခိ်န္အထိ ေထာက္ပံေငြ နွင့္ အတိုးနႈန္း သက္သာေသာ ေခ်းေငြ စုစုေပါင္း အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာ (၁.၂) ဘီလီယံ ေပးအပ္နိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ အားရေက်နပ္မႈရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံတြင္ လက္ရိွေဆာင္ရြက္လ်က္ရိွသည့္ အေျခခံအေဆာက္အအံု၊ စိုက္ပို်းေရး၊ လူ့စြမ္းအား အရင္းအျမစ္ နွင့္ စက္မႈ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး၊ လွ်ပ္စစ္စြမ္းအား နွင့္ က်န္းမာေရးက႑ မ်ားအျပင္ ျမန္မာျပည္သူမ်ားအတြက္ အနာဂတ္ကာလတြင္ အကို်းျဖစ္ထြန္းမည့္ စီမံကိန္းမ်ားကို ရွာေဖြေဖာ္ထုတ္သြားရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။
၂၂။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ အိႏၵိယအစိုးရမွ ျမန္မာအစိုးရသို့ ေပးအပ္မည့္ သက္သာေသာေခ်းေငြ အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာ သန္း (၅၀၀) နွင့္ပတ္သက္သည့္ နားလည္မႈ စာခြ်န္လွြာ လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးနိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းကို ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ အဆိုပါ သက္သာေသာေခ်းေငြမ်ားကို ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၏ လယ္ယာစိုက္ပို်းေရးနွင့္ဆည္ေျမာင္း၊ ရထားပို့ေဆာင္ေရး နွင့္ လွ်ပ္စစ္စြမ္းအား စသည့္က႑မ်ားရိွ အေျခခံအေဆာက္အအံု ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး စီမံကိန္းလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားတြင္ အသံုးျပုသြားမည္ျဖစ္သည္။
၂၃။ နယ္စပ္ေဒသမ်ားတြင္ ေနထိုင္ျကသည့္ ျပည္သူမ်ား၏ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး နွင့္ သာယာဝေျပာေရးကို အေလးထားေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ လိုအပ္သည့္အေလ်ာက္၊ အဆိုပါေဒသ မ်ားတြင္ လမ္းမ်ား အဆင့္ျမွင့္တင္ျခင္း၊ ေက်ာင္းမ်ား၊ က်န္းမာေရးဌာနမ်ား၊ တံတားမ်ား တည္ေဆာက္ျခင္း၊ လယ္ယာစိုက္ပို်းေရးနွင့္ ဆက္စပ္သင္တန္းမ်ား ဖြင့္လွစ္ျခင္း အပါအဝင္ အေျခခံ အေဆာက္အအံု ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး နွင့္ အေသးစား စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးျခင္းျဖင့္ နယ္စပ္ေဒသမ်ား၏ လူမႈစီးပြားဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္မႈကို ေဖာ္ေဆာင္နိုင္မည္ ျဖစ္သည့္ အတြက္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္သြားရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက သေဘာတူညီ ခဲ့သည္။ နာဂ ကိုယ္ပိုင္အုပ္ခု်ပ္ခြင့္ရေဒသ၌ ဖာလာေစ့ အေျမာက္အျမား စိုက္ပို်းထုတ္လုပ္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမွ အကူအညီေပးရန္ ကမ္းလွမ္းျခင္းကို ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမၼတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမၼတက ျကိုဆိုခဲ့သည္။
၂၄။ သိပၸံနွင့္နည္းပညာက႑တြင္ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈကို တိုးျမွင့္ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားျကရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားမွ ဆႏၵထုတ္ေဖာ္ခဲ့ျကျပီး၊ ၂၀၁၂ ခုနွစ္ ဧျပီလ (၃) ရက္ေန့တြင္ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယသိပၸံနွင့္ နည္းပညာဆိုင္ရာ ပူးတဲြလုပ္ငန္းအဖဲြ့၏ ပထမအျကိမ္ အစည္းအေဝး က်င္းပနိုင္ခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ ဝမ္းေျမာက္စြာ မွတ္သားခဲ့သည္။ အဆိုပါပူးတဲြလုပ္ငန္းအဖဲြ့မွ အနာဂတ္၌ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ စိုက္ပို်းေရး ဇီဝနည္းပညာ၊ ရိတ္သိမ္းနည္းပညာ၊ ေဆးဝါးဆိုင္ရာဇီဝနည္းပညာ၊ ေဆးသုေတသနနွင့္ ျပန္လည္ျပည့္ျဖိုးျမဲ စြမ္းအင္က႑မ်ားရိွ ဦးစားေပး နယ္ပယ္မ်ားကို ေဖာ္ထုတ္ခဲ့ပါသည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ ပူးတဲြလုပ္ငန္းအဖဲြ့၏ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္မ်ားကို ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကျပီး၊ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံအေနျဖင့္ ဦးစားေပးစီမံကိန္းမ်ားအနက္မွ အခို့်ကို အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ တိက်သည့္အဆိုျပုလွြာမ်ား ျပုစုသြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ ျကသည္။
၂၅။ ခရီးစဉ္အတြင္း လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးခဲ့သည့္ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာအရ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ အိႏၵိယ၏ ေငြေျကးနွင့္နည္းပညာ အကူအညီျဖင့္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ သတင္း အခ်က္အလက္ နွင့္ နည္းပညာဌာန တည္ေထာင္ရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့သည္။ အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ရန္ကုန္ျမို့ရိွ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္နွင့္နည္းပညာ ျမင့္မားေရးဆိုင္ရာ ျမန္မာ-အိႏၵိယစင္တာအား လာမည့္ (၅)နွစ္တာ ကာလအတြက္ နည္းပညာနွင့္ေငြေျကး အေထာက္အပံ့မ်ား ဆက္လက္ ေပးအပ္သြားမည္ ျဖစ္သည့္အျပင္၊ နည္းပညာဆိုင္ရာ အဆင့္ျမွင့္တင္မႈကိုလည္း ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပး သြားမည္ ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း ေျကညာခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာသုေတသီမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ အိႏၵိယတကၠသိုလ္မ်ားနွင့္ သုေတသနအဖဲြ့အစည္းမ်ား၌ သုေတသနလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ေစရန္ နွစ္စဉ္ ပညာသင္ဆု (၁၀) ဆု ေပးအပ္သြားမည္ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း အိႏၵိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ေျကညာခဲ့သည္။ အဆိုပါ ပညာသင္ဆုမ်ားကို ကမၻာ့ေလထုနွင့္ကမၻာေျမျကီးဆိုင္ရာသိပၸံ၊ ဓါတုသိပၸံ၊ အင္ဂ်င္နီယာသိပၸံ၊ ဇီဝသိပၸံ၊ ေဆး သိပၸံ၊ သခင္်ာနွင့္တြက္ခ်က္ေရးဆိုင္ရာသိပ0x081ပံ၊ ရူပသိပ0x081ပံ နယ္ပယ္မ်ားတြင္ ေပးအပ္သြားမည္ျဖစ္ျပီး၊ သင္တန္းကာလ ေလးလမွ ေျခာက္လ အထိ ျကာျမင့္မည္ျဖစ္သည္။
၂၆။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၏ လူစြမ္းအားအရင္းအျမစ္ ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေစေရးအတြက္ အိန0x081ဒိယမွ ကူညီေပးလိုသည့္ ဆန0x081ဒနွင့္အညီ အိန0x081ဒိယ စီးပြားေရးနွင့္နည္းပညာ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေရး အစီအစဉ္ အပါအဝင္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသို့ လက္ရိွ သင္တန္းသားဦးေရ (၂၅၀) ဦး ခဲြေဝေပးအပ္ ေနျခင္းအား နွစ္ဆတိုး၍၊ သင္တန္းသားဦးေရ (၅၀၀) ဦး သို့ တိုးျမွင့္ေပးအပ္သြားမည္ ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ေျကညာခဲ့သည္။ ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမ0x081မတ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတမွ ဤအစီအစဉ္အား ျကိုဆိုခဲ့သည္။
၂၇။ ျမန္မာသံတမန္မ်ားကို အစည္းအေဝး စီမံခန့္ခဲြမႈဆိုင္ရာ သင္တန္းမ်ား ေပးအပ္ရန္ ကမ္းလွမ္းျခင္း၊ နိုင္ငံျခားေရးဝန္ျကီးဌာန၊ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ နွင့္ ရန္ကုန္ျမို့၌ ဘာသာစကား သင္ျကားေရးအခန္းမ်ား၊ အစည္းအေဝးခန္းမမ်ား နွင့္ ဆက္စပ္ပစ0x081စည္းမ်ား တပ္ဆင္တည္ေထာင္ ေပးရန္ နွင့္ နိုင္ငံျခားေရးဝန္ျကီးဌာန၊ ေနျပည္ေတာ္၌ အင္တာနက္ သုေတသနဌာန တည္ေထာင္ နိုင္ေရး အိန0x081ဒိယဘက္မွ ကူညီပံ့ပိုးေပးျခင္းမ်ားအတြက္ ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမ0x081မတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတက ေက်းဇူးတင္ရိွေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၂၈။ လယ္ယာစိုက္ပို်းေရးကဏ0x081ဍ၌ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈ ျမွင့္တင္ရန္ ဆန0x081ဒရိွေျကာင္း နွစ္ဘက္ စလံုးမွ ထုတ္ေဖာ္ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ အိန0x081ဒိယ၏ ေထာက္ပံ့ေငြ အေမရိကန္ေဒၚလာ (၁၀) သန္းျဖင့္ လယ္ယာသံုးစက္ကိရိယာပစ0x081စည္းမ်ားအား ျမန္မာဘက္သို့ လက္ေဆာင္အျဖစ္ ေပးအပ္ခဲ့ျခင္းအတြက္ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတမွ အိန0x081ဒိယအစိုးရအား ေက်းဇူးတင္ရိွေျကာင္း နွင့္ ယင္းစက္ပစ0x081စည္း မ်ားကို ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ေဒသအသီးသီးသို့ ျဖန့္ျဖူးျပီး ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း နွင့္ ေတာင္သူလယ္သမားမ်ား၏ အကို်းစီးပြားအတြက္ အသံုးျပုလ်က္ရိွေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ခရီးစဉ္အတြင္း လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးခဲ့သည့္ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာအရ စိုက္ပို်းေရးသုေတသနနွင့္ ပညာေရးအဆင့္ျမင့္ဌာနအား ရိုးရာဗဟုသုတ နွင့္ ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္ထိန္းသိမ္းေရး အပါအဝင္ ေခတ္မီေနာက္ဆံုးေပၚ နည္းပညာမ်ား အသံုးျပုသည့္ (Centre for Excellence) အျဖစ္ အိန0x081ဒိယ၏ ေငြေျကး နွင့္ နည္းပညာ အကူအညီျဖင့္ တည္ေထာင္သြားေရး နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားမွ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့ျကသည္။ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ ေရဆင္းရိွ စိုက္ပို်းေရးသုေတသနဦးစီးဌာန၌ ေခတ္မီပညာေပး စပါးဇီဝဥယ်ာဉ္ တည္ေထာင္သြားရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက သေဘာတူညီခဲ့သည္။ ယင္း ဌာန(၂)ခုသည္ ျမန္မာ့လယ္ယာကဏ0x081ဍ၊ ပညာေရး နွင့္ စီးပြားေရး အသိုင္းအဝန္းအတြင္း နည္းပညာ နွင့္ သုေတသနဆိုင္ရာ အကူအညီမ်ား ေပးအပ္နိုင္မည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ထို့ျပင္ ေနျပည္ေတာ္ရိွ စံျပစိုက္ခင္းအတြင္း ဆိုင္ကလုန္းမုန္တိုင္းဒဏ္ ခံနိုင္သည့္ ေခတ္မီစပါးကီ်တစ္ခု တည္ေဆာက္ရန္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံမွ ပံ့ပိုးကူညီမႈေပးသည့္အတြက္ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတမွ အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္အား ေက်းဇူးတင္ရိွေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၂၉။ ျမန္မာဘက္မွ နို့နွင့္နို့ထြက္ပစ0x081စည္း ထုတ္လုပ္ေရးလုပ္ငန္း၊ နို့စားနြား ေမြးျမူေရး လုပ္ငန္း ဖံြ့ျဖိုးတိုးတက္ေရး နွင့္ ကာကြယ္ေဆး ထုတ္လုပ္ေရး နည္းပညာဆိုင္ရာ သင္တန္းမ်ား/ ပညာသင္ဆုမ်ား အိန0x081ဒိယဘက္မွ ကူညီစီစဉ္ေပးအပ္သြားရန္ နွင့္ အိန0x081ဒိယအစိုးရမွ ရွမ္းျပည္နယ္၌ နို့နွင့္နို့ထြက္ပစ0x081စည္းစက္ရံု တစ္ရံု တည္ေထာင္ေပးရန္ ေမတ0x081တာရပ္ခံခဲ့သည္။ အိန0x081ဒိယဘက္မွ ျမန္မာဘက္၏ အဆိုျပုခ်က္ကို အေလးထား စဉ္းစားသြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့သည္။ကုန္သြယ္ေရး နွင့္ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈ
၃၀။ ၂၀၁၅ ခုနွစ္တြင္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံကုန္သြယ္မႈကို နွစ္ဆတိုးျမွင့္ရန္ နွစ္ဘက္သေဘာတူညီ ထားသည့္အေလ်ာက္၊ ကုန္သြယ္ေရး ပိုမိုတိုးျမွင့္ရန္ အသံုးမျပုရေသးသည့္ အလားအလာေကာင္း မ်ားစြာ တည္ရိွေနေျကာင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျပီး၊ အဆိုပါအလားအလာကို စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းရွင္မ်ားမွ အသံုးခ်သြားရန္ တိုက္တြန္းခဲ့သည္။ ဆိပ္ကမ္းမ်ား၊ အေဝးေျပးလမ္းမျကီးမ်ား၊ ေရနံနွင့္သဘာဝဓါတ္ေငြ့၊ စိုက္ပို်းေရး၊ ကုန္ထုတ္လုပ္ ေရး၊ ဝန္ေဆာင္မႈလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား နွင့္ သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္၊ ဆက္သြယ္ေရး နွင့္ နည္းပညာ စသည့္ ကဏ0x081ဍမ်ားတြင္ အိန0x081ဒိယကုမ0x081ပဏီမ်ားမွ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈမ်ား ျပုလုပ္သြားေရး အထူးအားေပးသြားမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ ယင္းကိစ0x081စနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက တိက်မွန္ကန္သည့္ သတင္း အခ်က္အလက္ နွင့္ အျကံဉာဏ္မ်ား အခိ်န္နွင့္တေျပးညီ ဖလွယ္ေစနိုင္မည့္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား အသစ္ဖဲြ့စည္း တည္ေထာင္ခဲ့သည့္ ကုန္သြယ္ေရးနွင့္ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈဖိုရမ္၏ အေရးပါမႈကို အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။
၃၁။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံကုန္သြယ္ေရး ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္မႈတြင္ ရင္ဆိုင္ေတြ့ျကံုရမည့္ အတားအဆီး အခက္အခဲမ်ားကို ေဖာ္ထုတ္ဖယ္ရွားနိုင္ေစရန္ နွစ္ဘက္ အစိုးရမ်ားမွ ျကိုးပမ္းသြားမည္ ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း ကတိျပုေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ယင္းကိစ0x081စနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း ၍ ရန္ကုန္ျမို့၌ ဖြင့္လွစ္မည့္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ United Bank ၏ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ရံုး နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို အကို်းျပုျပီး ဘဏ္လုပ္ငန္းကိစ0x081စမ်ားကို လြယ္ကူေခ်ာေမြ့ေစမည့္ ပထမေျခလွမ္းအျဖစ္ ျကိုဆို ခဲ့ျကပါသည္။ ျမန္မာဘက္အေနျဖင့္ ဘဏ္လုပ္ငန္း ဆိုင္ရာ အခန္းကဏ0x081ဍတြင္ သက္ဆိုင္ရာ ျမန္မာ အစိုးရကိုယ္စားလွယ္မ်ားအား အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ မွ ဘဏ္မ်ားနွင့္ စိုက္ပို်းေရးဆိုင္ရာ ဘဏ္လုပ္ငန္း မ်ားတြင္ ေလ့က်င့္သင္တန္းေပး မည့္ အဆိုျပုခ်က္မ်ားကို ျကိုဆိုခဲ့သည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ကုန္သြယ္ေရး တိုးျမွင့္နိုင္ရန္ အလားအလာမ်ားစြာရိွသည့္ အေလ်ာက္၊ ျမန္မာ-အိန0x081ဒိယ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ေငြေျကးဆိုင္ရာ အစီအစဉ္မ်ား နွင့္ပတ္သက္၍ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၊ ဗဟိုဘဏ္ နွင့္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ၊ Reserve Bank တို့အျကား မျကာမီကာလအတြင္း နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ တစ္ရပ္ လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးသြားရန္ နွစ္ဘက္စလံုးမွ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။ ဆက္လက္၍ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ၊ Reserve Bank သည္ နွစ္ဘက္အကို်းတူကိစ0x081စရပ္မ်ားတြင္ အျမင္ခ်င္းဖလွယ္နိုင္ရန္ ျကားခံဌာနအျဖစ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္နိုင္ေရးအတြက္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၊ ဗဟိုဘဏ္ နွင့္ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ ေရးထိုးသြားမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ (State Bank of India) သို့မဟုတ္ နွစ္ဘက္သေဘာတူညီသည့္ အျခားဘဏ္မ်ားနွင့္ ဘဏ္လုပ္ငန္း အေတြ့အျကံု နွင့္ နည္းပညာမ်ား မွ်ေဝဖလွယ္ေရးအတြက္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။
၃၂။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နွစ္ဘက္ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းရွင္မ်ားအား နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အျကား က်င္းပ ျပုလုပ္သည့္ ကုန္စည္ျပပဲြမ်ားတြင္ တက္ျကြစြာပါဝင္ ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားျကရန္ လက္ရိွကုန္သြယ္ေရးနွင့္ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈဆိုင္ရာမူဝါဒမ်ားနွင့္ ပတ္သက္သည့္ အခ်က္အလက္မ်ားကို နီွးေနွာဖလွယ္ပဲြမ်ားနွင့္ စီးပြားေရးဆိုင္ရာ အခမ္းအနားမ်ားမွတစ္ဆင့္ ေဝမွ်သြားျကရန္ တိုက္တြန္းခဲ့ျကပါသည္။ ယင္းကိစ0x081စနွင့္ စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ ၂၀၁၁ ခုနွစ္၊ နိုဝင္ဘာလတြင္ CII နွင့္ UMFCCI တို့မွ ျကီးမႉးက်င္းပသည့္ ပထမအျကိမ္ အိန0x081ဒိယကုမ0x081ပဏီမ်ား၏ ျပပဲြမ်ားကို နွစ္စဉ္ က်င္းပျပုလုပ္သြားရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္ကို ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ပါသည္။၃၃။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ အနီးတဝိုက္တြင္ ေနထိုင္ျကသည့္ ေဒသခံျပည္သူမ်ား၏ လိုအပ္ခ်က္မ်ားကို ထည့္သြင္းစဉ္းစားလ်က္ နယ္စပ္တစ္ေလွ်ာက္ နယ္စပ္ ေဈးမ်ားဖြင့္လွစ္ရန္နွင့္ ယင္းကိစ0x081စအတြက္ နားလည္မႈစာခြ်န္လွြာ လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္ကို ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ ထို့အျပင္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ နယ္စပ္ကုန္သြယ္မႈ စခန္းေနရာမ်ား၌ ဘဏ္လုပ္ငန္းဆိုင္ရာ အေျခခံ အေဆာက္အအံုမ်ားအား အဆင့္ျမွင့္တင္သြားရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္သည္ ယင္းေဒသမ်ားတြင္ ေနထိုင္ျကသည့္ ေဒသခံျပည္သူမ်ားအျကား ေရာင္းဝယ္ ေဖာက္ကားမႈကို ပိုမိုလြယ္ကူေခ်ာေမြ့ေစမည္ ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း မွတ္သား ခဲ့ျကသည္။
၃၄။ နွစ္ဖက္ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ ယခင္က ခ်မွတ္ခဲ့သည့္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်က္အတိုင္း တမူး-မိုေရး နွင့္ ရိဒ္-ေဇာ္ေခါသာရိွ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းရွင္မ်ားနွင့္ နယ္စပ္ကုန္သြယ္ေရးအရာရိွ မ်ားအျကား ျပုလုပ္သည့္ အစည္းအေဝးမ်ားကို ပံုမွန္ျပုလုပ္သြားနိုင္ရန္ အတြက္နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အျကား နယ္စပ္ကုန္သြယ္ေရး ေကာ္မတီဖဲြ့စည္း သင့္ေျကာင္း ညွြန္ျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။လွ်ပ္စစ္စြမ္းအား နွင့္ စြမ္းအင္၃၅။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား စြမ္းအင္လံုျခံုမႈကဏ0x081ဍ တိုးျမွင့္နိုင္ရန္အတြက္ ပိုမိုနီးကပ္စြာ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ လိုအပ္ေျကာင္း ေခါင္းေဆာင္နွစ္ဦးတို့က အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျက သည္။ ယင္းကိစ0x081စနွင့္ စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ ထိုသို့ေဆာင္ရြက္ရာတြင္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံအစိုးရနွင့္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံမွ ဂူ်ဘီလင့္ စြမ္းအင္ကုမ0x081ပဏီတို့အျကား Production sharing Contract လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးရန္ ကိစ0x081စကိုျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကသည္။ ထို့ျပင္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံတြင္ ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈျပုလုပ္ရန္ အလားအလာ ေကာင္းမ်ားရိွေျကာင္း ကမ္းလွမ္းထားသည့္ အသင့္တူးေဖာ္နိုင္မည့္ လုပ္ကြက္မ်ားအပါအဝင္ ျမန္မာ့ေရနံနွင့္ သဘာဝဓာတ္ေငြ့ကဏ0x081ဍနွင့္ ေရနံစက္မႈကဏ0x081ဍ၏ ျမစ္ေအာက္ပိုင္း စီမံကိန္းမ်ားတြင္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံမွ ကုမ0x081ပဏီမ်ားအား ရင္းနီွးျမႈပ္နံွမႈျပုလုပ္ရန္ အားေပး တိုက္တြန္းခဲ့သည္။
၃၆။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတက ထမံသီနွင့္ ေရွြစာေရးေရအားလွ်ပ္စစ္စီမံကိန္းမ်ားနွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံမွ စီမံကိန္းအေသးစိတ္ အစီရင္ခံစာမ်ားျပုစုလ်က္ရိွျခင္းအေပၚ ေက်းဇူး တင္ရိွေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ ေခါင္းေဆာင္နွစ္ဦးတို့က နည္းပညာ၊ စီးပြားေရးနွင့္ လူမႈ ဝန္းက်င္ကိစ0x081စရပ္မ်ားကို ထည့္သြင္းစဉ္းစားလ်က္ အစီရင္ခံစာပါ အခ်က္အလက္မ်ားနွင့္ အနာဂတ္လုပ္ငန္းစဉ္မ်ားကို အျပီးသတ္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ရန္ လမ္းညွြန္မွာျကားခဲ့ပါသည္။ယဉ္ေက်းမႈ နွင့္ ျပည္သူမ်ားအခ်င္းခ်င္း အျပန္အလွန္လည္ပတ္ေရး
၃၇။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ အိန0x081ဒိယနွင့္ျမန္မာ နွစ္နိုင္ငံျပည္သူမ်ားအျကား နီးကပ္သည့္ ဆက္ဆံေရး တိုးျမွင့္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ရာ၌ ယဥ္ေက်းမႈကဏ0x081ဍ၏ အေရးပါမႈကို အေလးထားေျပာျကားခဲ့ျကျပီး နွစ္နိုင္ငံအျကား ၂၀၁၂-၂၀၁၅ ခုနွစ္အတြက္ ယဉ္ေက်းမႈ ဖလွယ္ေရးအစီအစဉ္ လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုးရန္ကိစ0x081စအေပၚ ေက်နပ္အားရမႈရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ခဲ့ျက သည္။ ယဉ္ေက်းမႈဖလွယ္ေရးအစီအစဉ္အရ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ၊ အေရွ့ေျမာက္ျပည္နယ္မ်ားနွင့္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ နယ္စပ္ေဒသမ်ားအျကား ယဉ္ေက်းမႈဖလွယ္ေရးကို တိုးျမွင့္ေစ နိုင္မည္ ျဖစ္ေျကာင္း မွတ္သားခဲ့သည္။
၃၈။ ထို့ျပင္ အိန0x081ဒိယယဉ္ေက်းမႈ ဆက္ဆံေရးေကာင္စီ၊ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ သာသနာေရး ဝန္ျကီးဌာနနွင့္ သီတဂူကမ0x081ဘာ့ဗုဒ0x081ဓအဖဲြ့တို့၏ ပူးေပါင္းစီစဉ္မႈျဖင့္ ၂၀၁၂ခုနွစ္၊ ဒီဇင္ဘာလတြင္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၌ International Conference on Buddhist Heritage က်င္းပရန္ ျပင္ဆင္ေနမႈမ်ားကိုလည္း ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကပါသည္။
၃၉။ ေရွြတိဂံုေစတီေတာ္ ပရဝုဏ္အတြင္း ကိန္းဝပ္ အပူေဇာ္ခံမည့္ ဉာဏ္ေတာ္ (၁၆)ေပ အျမင့္ ရိွ ဓမ0x081မစျကာမုျဒာ သဲေက်ာက္ ဗုဒ0x081ဓဆင္းတုေတာ္ တစ္ဆူအား ယခုနွစ္အတြင္း လႉဒါန္းရန္ အိန0x081ဒိယ ဘက္မွ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံက ေက်းဇူးတင္ေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္က ၄င္း၏ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီးစဉ္အတြင္း ယင္းဆင္းတုေတာ္ နွင့္ပံုစံတူ ဆင္းတုေတာ္ငယ္ တစ္ဆူကို ပူေဇာ္ခံရန္ ေပးအပ္ခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာျပည္သူမ်ားအေနျဖင့္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံသို့ ဘုရားဖူးခရီးစဉ္မ်ား လာေရာက္နိုင္ေရးကို စီစဉ္ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးျခင္း အတြက္လည္း ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံက အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံအား ေက်းဇူးတင္ေျကာင္း ေျပာျကား ခဲ့သည္။
၄၀။ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ ေရွးေဟာင္းသုေတသန တိုင္းတာေရးအဖဲြ့မွ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ ပုဂံျမို့ရိွ အာနန0x081ဒာ ဘုရား ျပုျပင္ထိန္းသိမ္းေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအား လာမည့္ (၂)နွစ္အတြင္း ျပီးစီးေအာင္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနမႈအေပၚ ေခါင္းေဆာင္နွစ္ဦးတို့က ေက်နပ္အားရမႈရိွေျကာင္း ထုတ္ေဖာ္ ေျပာျကားခဲ့ျကသည္။
၄၁။ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံနွင့္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံတို့ရိွ တတ္သိပညာရွင္မ်ား နွင့္ ပညာေရး အဖဲြ့အစည္းမ်ားအျကား အဆက္အသြယ္မ်ား ဖဲြ့စည္းထူေထာင္ျခင္းအေပၚ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ နွစ္ဦးတို့က ျကိုဆိုခဲ့ျကျပီး နွစ္ဘက္ သုေတသီ ပညာရွင္မ်ားအား နွစ္နိုင္ငံတြင္က်င္းပသည့္ ပညာေရးဆိုင္ရာ ကိစ0x081စရပ္မ်ားတြင္ တက္ျကြစြာ ပါဝင္ေဆာင္ရြက္ျပီး အျမင္ခ်င္း ဖလွယ္ျကရန္ တိုက္တြန္းခဲ့ျကသည္။
၄၂။ အိန0x081ဒိယ၏ နည္းပညာအကူအညီျဖင့္ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ၌ တည္ေထာင္မည့္ေက်ာင္း အတြက္ အိန0x081ဒိယအစိုးရမွ ေထာက္ပံ့မႈမ်ား ေပးသြားမည့္ကိစ0x081စနွင့္စပ္လ်ဉ္း၍ အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ေျကညာခဲ့ျခင္းအေပၚ ျပည္ေထာင္စု သမ0x081မတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတက ျကိုဆိုခဲ့သည္။ေဒသတြင္း နွင့္ နိုင္ငံတကာကဏ0x081ဍ
၄၃။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားသည္ ေဒသတြင္း နွင့္ နိုင္ငံတကာေရးရာ အကို်းတူကိစ0x081စ ရပ္မ်ားအေပၚ က်ယ္က်ယ္ျပန့္ျပန့္ ေဆြးေနြးခဲ့သည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ အကို်းရိွမည့္ နိုင္ငံတကာေရးရာ ကိစ0x081စရပ္မ်ားတြင္လည္း ဆက္လက္ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့ျကသည္။
၄၄။ ေဒသတြင္း ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေရးတြင္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံ နီးကပ္စြာ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ သြားရန္ အေရးျကီး ေျကာင္း နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက အေလးထား ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ အိန0x081ဒိယ ဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံ အေနျဖင့္ ဘင္းမ္စတက္အဖဲြ့၏ ဥက0x081ကဌတာဝန္ကို ေအာင္ျမင္စြာ ထမ္းေဆာင္သြားနိုင္ေစရန္ ဆုမြန္ေကာင္း ေတာင္းခဲ့ျပီး၊ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံအေနျဖင့္ လာမည့္ ဘင္းမ္စတက္ ထိပ္သီးညီလာခံကို အိမ္ရွင္အျဖစ္ လက္ခံက်င္းပ သြားလိုေျကာင္း အဆိုျပုခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံမွ အာဆီယံဥက0x081ကဌ တာဝန္ထမ္းေဆာင္မည့္ ၂၀၁၄ ခုနွစ္၌ အာဆီယံ-အိန0x081ဒိယ ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္ေရးကို ပိုမိုတိုးျမွင့္နိုင္ရန္ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္မ်ားက ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ခဲ့ျကသည္။ ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသည္ အာဆီယံ ေပါင္းစည္းေရးအစီအစဉ္ (Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI) ေအာက္မွ အာဆီယံနိုင္ငံမ်ားနွင့္ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေရး နွင့္ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံ၏ အေရွ့ေမွ်ာ္ မူဝါဒတို့တြင္ အေရးပါေသာ အခန္းကဏ0x081ဍမွ ပါဝင္ေျကာင္း အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ထပ္ေလာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။ နွစ္နိုင္ငံေခါင္းေဆာင္ မ်ားသည္ မျကာမီ က်င္းပသြားမည့္ အာဆီယံ-အိန0x081ဒိယ အထိမ္းအမွတ္ ထိပ္သီးအစည္းအေဝးနွင့္ပတ္သက္သည့္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ဖြယ္ရာမ်ားကို နီးကပ္စြာ ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္သြားရန္ သေဘာတူညီခဲ့သည္။
၄၅။ အိန0x081ဒိယဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ၄င္း နွင့္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္အဖဲြ့ဝင္မ်ား ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံသို့ ေရာက္ရိွ စဉ္အတြင္း ေနြးေထြးလိွုက္လဲွစြာ ဧည့္ဝတ္ေက်ပြန္မႈမ်ားအတြက္ ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမ0x081မတျမန္မာ နိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတ အား ေက်းဇူးတင္ရိွေျကာင္း ေျပာျကားခဲ့သည္။၄၆။ အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံဝန္ျကီးခု်ပ္မွ ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမ0x081မတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္ သမ0x081မတအား အိန0x081ဒိယနိုင္ငံသို့ နွစ္ဘက္ အဆင္ေျပမည့္ေန့ရက္မ်ားတြင္ ခ်စ္ျကည္ေရးခရီး လာေရာက္ရန္ ဖိတ္ျကားခဲ့သည္။ ခရီးစဉ္ေန့ရက္ကို သံတမန္လမ္းေျကာင္းမွတစ္ဆင့္ ညိွနိွုင္း သြားမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ ျပည္ေထာင္စုသမ0x081မတျမန္မာနိုင္ငံေတာ္၊ နိုင္ငံေတာ္သမ0x081မတမွ ဖိတ္ျကားခ်က္ကို လက္ခံခဲ့သည္။(Myanmar President Office )
ေက်ာင္းအပ္လွ်င္ ေငြငါးေသာင္းရွိရမည္
စစ္ကုိင္တုိင္းေဒသႀကီး မုံရြာၿမိဳ႕ ဆူးေလကုန္းရပ္ အမက (၄)ေက်ာင္းကေတာ့ အလွဴ
ေငြေကာက္ပါတယ္။ ဒီေက်ာင္းကေတာ့ သူငယ္တန္းေက်ာင္းသားသစ္ အပ္လွ်င္ အ
နည္းဆုံးငါးေသာင္းက်ပ္တိတိအလွဴေငြအျဖစ္(အလွဴရွင္ ၏ ဆႏၵရွိ ရွိမရွိရွိ)ေကာက္ခံ
ေနပါတယ္။
ေက်ာင္းသားသစ္ေလွ်ာက္လြာမ်ားကုိ ေက်ာင္းေဆာင္သစ္ ျဖစ္ေျမာက္ေရး ေကာ္မတီ
လူႀကီးမ်ား ဟုဆုိသူမ်ားကေကာက္ခံလွ်က္ရွိေနပါတယ္။
ထုိသုိ႕ေကာက္ခံရာတြင္ ငါးေထာင္ တစ္ေသာင္းနဲ႕ေတာ့မလာခဲ့နဲ႕ဟု ေခတ္ေဟာင္းက
ဥကၠဌ လုပ္ခဲ့ဖူးသူ ဦးခ်ဳိတူး မွ အမ်ားၾကားေအာင္ေျပာပါတယ္။ ေက်ာင္းအက်ဳိးေတာ္
ေဆာင္ ဆုိသူ ေဒၚမီမီတုိးမွလည္း တစ္သိန္းေအာက္ေတာ့မလာခဲ့နဲ႕ဟုရင္းႏွီးသူမ်ား
ကုိ ေျပာဆုိေကာက္ခံပါတယ္။
အလွဴေငြေကာက္သည္ဆုိသည္မွာ ေပးလွဴမည္သူ၏ ေစတနာအေလွ်ာက္ ၾကည္ျဖဴစြာ
လွဴဒါန္းသည္ကုိသာ လက္ခံရမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ယခုလုိငါးေသာင္းအနည္ဆုံးဟုဖိအားေပး
အလွဴခံျခင္းမွာမျဖစ္သင့္ ေၾကာင္း မုံရြာျမဳိ ့ဆူးေလကုန္ရပ္ကြက္က ေက်ာင္းသားမိဘ
မ်ားကေျပာျပပါတယ္။
ေျမာက္ကိုရီးယားအရာရွိ(၃၀)ဦးအား ေတာင္ကိုရီးယားႏွင့္ေဆြးေႏြးမႈတြင္ ပါဝင္ သုတ္သင္ခံရ
၂၀၁၂/ေမ/၂၈ရက္ (တနလာၤ)
ယမန္ႏွစ္က ေျမာက္ကိုရီးယားရွိ အရာရွိ ၃၀ မွာ အစိုးရ၏ သုတ္သင္ပစ္မႈကို ခံခဲ့
ရေၾကာင္း The Telegraph သတင္းတြင္ ေဖာ္ျပသည္။ အဆိုပါ အရာရွိမ်ားမွာ
ေမာ္ေတာ္ယာဥ္ မေတာ္တဆ မႈမ်ားေၾကာင့္ ေသဆံုးခဲ့ရျခငး္ ျဖစ္သည္ဟု အမည္
တပ္ကာ ေသဆံုးခဲ့ရျခင္း ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း Amnesty International ၏ အေျပာကို
Telegraph မွ ကိုးကား ေဖာ္ျပခဲ့ျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။
ထို႔အျပင္ ေနာက္ထပ္လူ ၂၀၀မွာလည္း ယခုႏွစ္ ဇန္နဝါရီလက ႏိုင္ငံပိုင္လံုျခံဳေရး
ေအဂ်င္စီမွ ဝုိင္းရံထားကာ ယင္းသို႕ေသာ လူ ၂၀၀ ထဲတြင္ အခ်ိဳ႕မွာ သတ္ျဖတ္
ခံလိုက္ရျပီး က်န္ရွိသူမ်ားမွာလည္း ႏိုင္ငံေရး အက်ဥ္းစခန္းမ်ားသို႔ ပို႔ေဆာင္ျခင္း
ခံခဲ့ရေၾကာင္း Amnesty International က ေဖာ္ျပသည္။
ေျမာက္ကိုရီးယား ႏိုင္ငံမွာ ျဗဴရိုကရက္မ်ား အေနျဖင့္ တိုင္းျပည္ႏွင့္ ႏိုင္ငံအေပၚ
တြင္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ခ်က္ မေအာင္ျမင္ပါက သုတ္သင္ပစ္သည့္ အက်င့္ရွိေၾကာင္း
အဆိုပါသတင္းတြင္ ေဖာ္ျပခဲ့သည္။သို႔ရာတြင္ ယခင္က အဆင့္ျမင့္အရာရွိမ်ားႏွင့္
ေတာ္ဝင္ မိသားစုမ်ား အေပၚတြင္ ျပဳလပ္ခဲ့ဖူးသည့္ ထံုးစံမရွိဘူးေၾကာင္းလည္း
ယင္းသတင္းတြင္ ပါရွိခဲ့သည္။
source : telegraph.co.uk
Sunday, 27 May 2012
News & Articles on Burma
Sunday, 27 May 2012
Suu Kyi's first international trip in 24 years shrouded in rumours
May 27 | 2012 I Author: Karen News
The National League for Democracy leader and recently elected Member of Parliament, Aung San Suu Kyi, is scheduled to make her first international trip in 24 years when she travels to Thailand to deliver a speech at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Bangkok on Monday 28 May.
Ms Suu Kyis trip has caused frenzy among foreign media and international non government organizations trying to establish if she will visit Thailands borderline refugee camps and Dr Cynthias Clinic in Mae Sot.
Local NLD groups say they are planning on the Nobel Peace prize winner visiting at least one of the the refugee camps. A NLD source told Karen News that it is yet to be confirmed, but it is likely she will visit Mae La refugee camp on the 31 May or June 1.
Staff at Mae Tao Clinic say they have heard nothing about a visit from Suu Kyi, but would be honored if the democracy icon visited the Clinic. Regional security agencies have also said they are in the dark about Suu Kyi visiting the Thai Burma border. Meanwhile, INGOs, community-based-organizations, local and regional journalists are working the phones to try to establish if Suu Kyi visit will be fact. http://karennews.org/2012/05/suu-kyis-first-international-trip-in-24-years-shrouded-in-rumours.html/
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There is a long story of Burma and a big picture of Yamuna clinic in the Indian Express today.
27-5-2012
Bridge to Burma
The sunday express : Sun May 27 2012, 02:47 hrs
As the Indian Prime Minister arrives in Myanmar today, The Sunday Express looks at ties between the two countries, talks to the Burmese community in India and revisits the coastal town that hosted the last king of Burma
Rakesh Sinha
Anawratha, Bayinnaung and Alaungpaya. Across India, these names dont ring a bell. But in the border state of Manipur, the three warrior kings of Burma, separated by centuries and long gone, remain etched in the collective memory of a people.
In the 11th century, Anawratha founded the Pagan empire in the Mandalay region, unified the Irrawaddy Valley and immersed his people in the teachings of Theravada, the oldest surviving school of Buddhism. His successors extended the Pagan empire as far as the Chin Hills running into Manipur.
Five centuries later, Bayinnaung stretched the western limits of the Toungoo dynasty to Manipur. But Manipurs nightmare was to be Alaungpaya, founder of the Konbaung dynasty which ruled Burma till it was overrun by the British in 1885.
In 1758, two years after his army first devastated Manipur, Alaungpaya showed up in Imphal, installed a puppet and carried away captives. Among them were Manipuri horsemen who formed the Cassay Horse, the elite cavalry corps of the Royal Burmese Army.
The Cassay Horse served with distinctionThe Great Chronicle of the Konbaung Dynasty records how King Thibaw, seven years before he was banished from Mandalay to Ratnagiri by the British, watched the Manipuri regiments skill in weaponry and horsemanship such as cutting banana stems, lime fruit and water pot with swords, spears and lancers while riding at high speed.
Today, Anawratha, Bayinnaung and Alaungpaya are the names of corvettes in the Myanmar Navy, Bayinnaung the largest agriculture produce trading market in Yangon. And Mandalay the final destination of a proposed bus service from Imphal, the original home of the Cassay Horse, 580 km away.
When Prime Minister Manmohan Singh arrives in the Myanmarese capital Naypyidaw on Sunday on a three-day visitthe last visit by an Indian Prime Minister to the country was in 1987, during Rajiv Gandhis terminfrastructure building along the 1,600 km that Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh share with Myanmar will be high on the agenda.
In a little over a year, from the time President Thein Sein took charge in March 2011, Myanmar has stunned the world with the pace at which it is opening up, promising to end years of isolation. As world leaders and businessmen scramble for a share in resource-rich Myanmar, New Delhi hopes to connect with its bridge to South East Asia. The country has been awarded the ASEAN chair for 2014.
In the BIMSTEC regionBay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic CooperationMyanmars major trading partners are Thailand and India. Exports to India include farm produce such as pulses, beans and forest produce like the prized Burma Teak. India sends it pharmaceuticals, electrical appliances and transport equipment.
Two months ago, the India Product Show brought 19 Indian companies to the country with wares that included home appliances, textiles and garments, pharma products, automobile spare parts, medical equipment, CNG cylinders, even poultry feed.
Underlining that Myanmar is integral to Indias Look East policy, Foreign Secretary Ranjan Mathai says the new political environment in Myanmar provides opportunities to take bilateral ties to a new plane. In his priority list, security, connectivity and infrastructure building rank high.
Engaged in more than a dozen projects in Myanmar, India is involved in upgrading and resurfacing the Tamu-Kalewa-Kalemyo roadit was inaugurated in 2001 when the NDA governments External Affairs Minister Jaswant Singh travelled across the Manipur borderand upgradation of the Rhi-Tiddim road.
The ambitious Kaladan multimodal transport project involves the construction of a deepwater port at Sittwe washed by the Bay of Bengal, dredging of the Kaladan river to let cargo vessels move from Sittwe to Mizoram, construction of a river port and upgradation of roads. Once complete, it will connect the Indian Northeast to the Sittwe port. The road component is delaying the project, targeted for completion in 2013. Mathai says there are logistical and infrastructure challenges but work is on.
In a country where internet penetration is very low owing to severe restrictionsmost users are in Mandalay and YangonTelecommunications Consultants India Ltd (TCIL) has been called in for an asymmetric digital subscriber line for high-speed data link in 32 cities.
But it is the energy sector that is drawing in the big guns. Oil and gas-rich Myanmar is being tapped by ONGC Videsh Ltd, GAIL and Essar. Jubilant Energy of the Jubilant Bhartia group has been awarded an onshore oil and gas block. Group co-chairman Hari S Bhartia is in the delegation of 15 CEOs who will be in Myanmar for the Prime Ministers visit. The delegation is being led by Sunil Bharti Mittal of Bharti Enterprises and Rajya Vardhan Kanoria of Kanoria Chemicals and Industries Ltd.
Myanmar has a fairly large Indian community, the origin dating back to the mid-19th century when the British arrived. According to a 20-year-old census, persons of Indian origin number an estimated 4.3 lakh and 2.5 lakh are stateless PIOs. In the cities of Yangon and Mandalay, many are engaged in the export and import of goods. To them, as to the rest of the world, the winds of change promise a new Myanmar on the road to Mandalay and beyond.
Khao Suey, anyone?
Burmese cuisine may be one of the few unexplored Asian foods in the country, but chances are many people would have heard of Khao Suey. This noodle concoction is believed to have originated in South China before making its way to the mountainous Shan state of Burma, where it took its present Burmese avatar. The dish, a complete meal, consists of rice or noodles in coconut milk topped with meat, fried onions, garlic, peanuts and fried eggs.
Burmese food is influenced by Chinese, Indian and Thai cuisines. A typical Burmese meal consists of rice, accompanied by various vegetables and meats cooked in stews or batter-fried, and a variety of pickles. While the noodles in Burmese cuisine are a clear influence of Chinese, the India-inspired dishes include mostly breads, snacks, desserts and even a Burmese take on the samosa. Ohn no khaw swe (similar to the Khao Suey), a concoction of noodles in coconut milk broth with curried chicken, fried bean fritters, sliced raw onions, chillies and slices of hard boiled eggs, is a popular dish.
Restaurants in Delhi like Side Wok (Khan Market, Connaught Place, Chanakyapuri) and Soi 46 (Defence Colony) offer a few Burmese dishes including Khao Suey. At The Kitchen in Khan Market which has been serving Khao Suey for seven years, there has been a surge in the dishs popularityit is their most ordered dish. Masquerading as a soup and main course, Khao Sueys popularity is often attributed to its a-meal-in-a-bowl appeal. And to cater to all palettes, Indian eateries offer different versions of the Khao Suey, including the traditional, spiced up and even a Bangkok version.
The best way to educate oneself in the cuisine is probably to explore Vikaspuri in Delhi which is home to a large Burmese population and where traditional Burmese ingredients can be found in local shops. You could also start with the Burmese food festival that opens in June in the lanes of Bodella in Vikaspuri.
Little Burma in Vikaspuri--Deepu Sebastian Edmond
After 20 years, the Burmese of Vikaspuri sense the endgame is nigh.
Kim looks at his identity card, issued by the Delhi office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. So, what happens after 2015? the campaign coordinator for Burma Centre mumbles. It is a coincidence, but Kims card is valid up to April 2015, the year elections to Myanmars parliament are scheduled to take place. It is widely expected that the country will move closer to being a sustainable democracy.
But for the Burmese of Vikaspuri, as 2015 approaches, it is time for some tough decisions. At Vikaspuri, home to an estimated 10,000 refugees from Myanmar for 20 years, there is no sense of closure. There is a serious mistrust about what is going on back home. No one is even thinking of returning yet. There is so much work to be done before 2015, says Kyaw Than, a founding member of the All Burma Students League (ABSL) who was part of the first group to settle in Vikaspuri.
According to the UNHCR website, there are 9,576 refugees and asylum seekers from Myanmar living in India as of April 2012. If the first refugees were from cities like Rangoon and Mandalay, almost every Burmese refugee who has arrived in Delhi since 2000 has been from the underdeveloped Chin state thats contiguous with India. The Saffron Revolution of 2007 and the famine of 2008 increased the pace of arrivals into India.
Bodella village in Vikaspuri is no Majnu ka Tila, Delhis Tibetan refugee colony. There are no flags, no food shops that mark out territory. There are few Burmese faces among the people who throng the localitys Thursday market. The explanation for their absence is the story of their penury. Our women wait for closing time to go to the market. Vegetables are cheaper then. But the later it gets, the more difficult it is for uswe get a complaint of harassment almost every market day, says Chhery, who is in charge of the Burmese Women Delhis Violence Against Women Cell.
The phrase devil and the deep sea and its various derivatives were repeated by many refugees to describe their situation as 2015 approaches.
Despite being here for more than a generation, India is not home to the Burmese as the country has not signed the 1951 UN Refugee Convention. For them, therefore, India is in the middle of this devil-and-deep-sea analogy. Kim, the campaign coordinator for Burma Centre, describes Vikaspuri best. This is a hotel, he says. This is a place of transit. India is between home and the Third Country.
It was not meant to be so. Kyaw and his comrades, survivors of the failed 1988 students uprising, came to Delhi in 1990 to seek legal help for their collaborators who had been arrested in Imphal. It was supposed to be a five-six year exile, says Kyaw, sitting on a sofa in his rented house in Vikaspuri, now a guesthouse as well as the office of the left-leaning ABSL.
The first Burmese at Vikaspuri had fled fearing persecution. Delhi was the ideal place to begin a campaign. I began writing letters to members of the Indian parliament, says Kyaw, for whom George Fernandess 3, Krishna Menon Marg residence soon became a second home. It also helped to have friends like the late C P Prabhakar, who was then in All India Radios Burmese service, and the Burmese Indians in the nearby DDA Janta flats.
The UNHCR began resettling Burmese refugees in India to a third country around 1994. Resettlementthe possibility of rebuilding their lives in a better placeacts as a magnet for refugees. Thirty-three of the 34 who were arrested 13 years ago in the aftermath of Operation Leech in the Andaman and Nicobar islands have been in Vikaspuri for a year after their release and will leave for the Netherlands next month. Even those like Kyaw and Kim are now considering resettlement.
There is light at the end of the tunnel, but we are still in the tunnel, says Tint Swe, a physician and member of Burmas government-in-exile who had to flee soon after the 1990 parliamentary elections.
Real change or not, Mizzima is going to Myanmar. The founded-in-exile news agency is gradually expanding its presence in Myanmar, taking advantage of the increased media freedoms. We are cautious....we are taking a chance, but we want to be part of the changing political process, says Thin Thin Aung, a co-founder of Mizzima.
The last king lived here--SUNANDA MEHTA
The setting sun casts long shadows on the old walls in the durbar hall. A wooden stairway leads to the terrace from where you get a magnificent sweep of the Thibaw Palaceacres of gardens ahead, the faint roar of the Arabian sea beyond and the Ratnadurg fort crowning the majestic view. It was in this palace that the last king of Burma spent his last years after being exiled by the British after Burmas defeat in the third Anglo-Burmese War of 1885. King Thibaw and his wives were first sent to Madras and then to Ratnagiri where they lived from 1886 till his death in 1916.
Burmas links with this coastal town in Konkan, some 250 kilometres from Mumbai, lie scattered in the majestic Thibaw Palace, in the neglected tombs of the king and his daughter Phaya and in the over 100-year-old Outram bungalow where the royal family in exile lived before moving to the palace in 1911.
Memories of Burmas royal family live on in some corners of Ratnagiri, preserved by the kings descendants. Pradeep Bhosale, grandson of Tu Tu, Thibaws granddaughter, is one of them. Bhosale, a travel agent, lives in a modest two-storey house with his wife and his son. The 53-year-old has a few photographs and some blurred memories of his grandmother Tu Tu who spoke to them of Burma, whipped up Burmese dishes occasionally and taught them a few words of the language. She would make French toast and Burmese kebab and talk of her lone trip from Ratnagiri to Burma, says Bhosale who talks only in Marathi.
King Thibaw had two daughtersthe older, Phaya, fell in love with and married Gopal Baburao Sawant, a gatekeeper at the Outram bungalow in Ratnagiri. One of the couples children, Tu Tu, married a mechanic, Shankar Pawar, and stayed on in Ratnagiri while the others went to Burma. Tu Tu, who was the last from the royal family to visit Burma, had seven children. One of them was Pramila, Pradeep Bhosales mother.
The first link between the king and Ratnagiri was Outram bungalow where they lived in the initial years and which is now the home of the Ratnagiri DSP, says Bhosale. Behind the bungalow stands a Buddhist worship area where visiting Burmese still come to offer prayers. A few kilometres away in Telecom Colony lie two tombsone holds the kings remains and the other was made for his daughter Phaya but never got to hold her remains. Phaya died in Burma in 1935 and was cremated there. While her remains were brought to India, they were kept at the office of the collector for years and were eventually lost when the office was relocated.
A few kilometres away from Outram bungalow stands a dilapidated structure that was home to Tu Tu for over 40 years. She had laid claim to the place having lived there for so long but it never happened. Journalists from all the over the world would visit her. Even Pandit Nehru met her when he came to Ratnagiri in 1965. But she died penniless in 2001 at the age of 95, says Bhosale.
We know their lineage but no one treats Bhosale or his siblings as descendents of the Burmese royal family, says Shashank Gandhi, a businessman whose great grandfather bought a sofa, a lounge chair, a dining table and a lamp from Thibaw to settle a loan the latter had taken from him. Gandhi also has a few of the kings papers in which Thibaw had recorded the loans he had taken and listed the furniture he sold.
According to Marathi writer Urmilla Pawar who wrote many chapters on King Thibaws stay in Ratnagiri (her hometown) in her autobiography The Weave of My Life, the British made arrangements to send fresh fruits and ice from Mumbai twice a week to the king, got two old bungalows renovated for him and his entourage and also built him a palace spread over 23 acres.
But Thibaws life in Ratnagiri was far from happy. The allowance given to him by the British kept decreasingit started with Rs 100,000 a month but was reduced to half after a few years. When he died in 1916 at the age of 57, he was on a monthly allowance of Rs 25,000.
Thibaw, the only king in Burmese history to obtain the highest degree in Pali, spent his last years in loneliness. He remained confined to the vast palace that is spread over three floors. After his death, the palace was converted into a polytechnic college and a hostel and rapidly declined in upkeep. Tu Tu then apparently drew the administrations attention to it. Today, as a state protected monument of the Maharashtra government, it houses a regional museum. Plans are also afoot to restore the palace for which a Rs 2.25-crore proposal is pending at Mantralaya in Mumbai.
The nowhere people--Naveed Iqbal
I learnt Hindi from the Hindi movies I used to watch back home, says Mohammad Salim, sitting under a saree thats stretched to form a canopy in Delhis Vasant Kunj. Salim came to India eight months ago from the Muslim-dominated Arakan or Rakhine state in Myanmar, fleeing the junta regime.
Salim is among the 2,500 Burmese refugees who had been camping in Delhi since April 9, seeking refugee status in India. All of them had identity cards issued by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees that referred to them as asylum seekers, but they said these cards didnt give them access to healthcare and schooling for their children. Some of them had been living in India for the past two years and had come to Delhi from Uttar Pradesh, Jammu, Rajasthan and other parts of the country.
Salim says he came to India with his brothers Ayas and Ilyas. The brothers reached India through Bangladesh, paying their way through the border. Salim says he paid around 2,000 Burmese kyat to the soldiers at the Myanmar border and about 100 Bangladeshi taka to cross over to Kolkata. From Kolkata, they took a train to Delhi.
The 26-year-old says life was tough under the juntaMuslims were not allowed to migrate to other parts of the country and their land was forcefully taken away by the army.
Talking about his disputed nationality, Salim says, The British took our ancestors from India to Myanmar and they settled there. But now both countries (India and Myanmar) refuse to let us stay. Are we citizens of the sea then?
http://epaper.indianexpress.com/39611/Indian-Express/27-May-2012#page/14/1
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Burma's health system on life support
27 May 2012, 1:49 pm - Source: AFP
Starved of funds and medicine during decades of military rule, doctors at a clinic in Yangon offer their usual advice to one of Burma's newest HIV patients -- come back when you're sicker.
In a country with one of Southeast Asia's biggest armies but a healthcare system in tatters, scarce antiretroviral drugs are given only to those with the advanced form of the illness.
"If I don't get the treatment, I'm worried the disease will get worse," a 47-year-old farmer told AFP at the clinic run by charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without Borders) after she was diagnosed with the virus.
During almost half a century of military rule which officially ended last year, Burma's junta generously funnelled cash to the armed forces but presided over one of the world's lowest outlays on public health.
Non-governmental organisations and patients using their own money have scrambled to plug the gap, but with limited success given the scale of demand from the estimated 60 million population.
"Patients are upset, it is difficult to tell them... but we cannot refer them anywhere, the government doesn't have it (medicine) either," said Soe Yadanar, one of four doctors at the clinic in a poor Yangon neighbourhood, which has more than 2,000 registered patients.
"We tell them they can come back later. But they know the situation in Burma," she added.
MSF says only a third of the 120,000 people living with HIV in Burma who under World Health Organization (WHO) standards should receive antiretrovirals are being treated.
The shortage of medicine extends to other serious illnesses including tuberculosis and malaria.
The country has a relatively high number of doctors but lacks medicines and wider support systems to treat patients, said MSF head of mission Peter Paul de Groote.
"There are quite a lot of trained doctors but you can have many doctors -- if you don't have the drugs, the paramedicals, the nurses, you still don't get anywhere," he explains.
And while the state press frequently burnishes the government's image as a provider for its people, with pictures of brand-new hospitals, the reality is markedly different.
"I visited a lot of township level hospitals and I'm always struck by the fact that there are a lot of staff but very few patients," says Mike Toole, a public health expert and adviser to the 3MDG Fund, a consortium of international donors to Burma.
"Patients just don't go there because they don't get good quality services, there is a lack of equipment, a lack of basic medical supplies, of drugs."
Figures from the WHO show Burma spent just $12 per capita (or two percent of GDP) on health in 2009, of which only one dollar came from the government, with the remainder cobbled together by NGOs and patients.
That miserly outlay was matched only by the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a nation ravaged by war and political instability.
In an effort to address the funding crisis, reformist President Thein Sein, whose nominally-civilian government took over from the junta in March 2011, has quadrupled the health budget for 2012-2013.
"It is a good start, but it is coming from a very low base," says Toole. "It will need massive investment... with comparable investment by the government and donors, it would probably take at least 20 years, and possibly 30, to catch up with Thailand."
Donor nations are being urged to take advantage of Burma's reforms, and some eased sanctions, to inject cash into its ailing public health services.
But there are fears the reverberations of the global economic crisis may mean donors are reluctant to reach for their wallets.
Whatever the amount offered, NGOs want Burma to completely rethink its health system.
Under the junta NGOs were banned from public hospitals and in effect ran a parallel health service, but now they are calling for closer cooperation with the government to extend the reach of healthcare.
"We need to start thinking about a long-term health system where we can all work together," argues de Groote.
In the meantime, many among Burma's impoverished population will continue to rely on foreign NGOs for help.
Mying Maung Maung, a 37-year-old carpenter, says he had to turn to MSF when he needed treatment for tuberculosis and HIV.
After several years of antiretroviral treatment, the father-of-four stopped responding to the medicine, in part because he did not stick to the strict timetable of taking his dose.
"I don't have a watch, I had to find clocks... but they always have a different time," he said. http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1653791/Burmas-health-system-on-life-support
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PM leaves for Myanmar
Sunday, May 27th 2012, 02:24 PM
New Delhi, May 27 Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Sunday left for Myanmar on a three-day visit that will see him unveil new initiatives in expanding trade and energy cooperation with India's eastern neighbour that was for decades diplomatically isolated from the rest of the world.
He meets Myanmar President Thein Sein Monday in capital Nay Pyi Taw. On Tuesday, he will hold talks with pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi in Yangon.
Ahead of the visit, the cabinet had Thursday cleared a proposal for a bus service linking Imphal in Manipur to Mandalay in Myanmar.
IANS http://india.nydailynews.com/article/9ff403e4722ff87591b4a03191c7280b/pm-leaves-for-myanmar
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India | Updated May 27, 2012 at 05:20pm IST
PM Manmohan Singh on a historic visit to Myanmar to boost trade
CNN-IBN
New Delhi: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh left for Myanmar on Sunday in a historic visit by an Indian prime minister that comes after a gap of 25 years. The PM said before his departure that India and Myanmar would explore new initiatives and define a roadmap for further boosting of bilateral ties with focus on trade, investment and connectivity during his three-day visit.
Pointing out that India attaches the highest importance to its relations with Myanmar, a "close friend and neighbour", Singh said that "recent years have witnessed significant strengthening and expansion of our bilateral relations" and his coming visit "will provide an opportunity to review the progress in implementation of decisions" taken during the "highly successful visit" of Myanmar President Thein Sein to India in October 2011.
"We will also consider new initiatives and define a roadmap for the further development of our cooperation in the years ahead," said Singh who will be the first Indian Prime Minister to visit Myanmar in quarter of a century since Rajiv Gandhi's visit in December, 1987.
PM Manmohan Singh on a historic visit to Myanmar to boost trade
The Prime Minister, who will hold talks with Sein on Monday at Nay Pyi Taw, said that during his visit to Myanmar he hopes to focus on "stronger trade and investment links, development of border areas, improving connectivity between our two countries and building capacity and human resources". "We also hope to sign a number of agreements and MoUs to further strengthen our bilateral cooperation in these areas, besides promoting people-to-people contacts," Singh said.
Singh, who will also meet Leader of the Opposition and Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi in Yangon on Tuesday, said India welcomes Myanmar's "transition to democratic governance and the steps taken by the government of Myanmar towards a more broad-based and inclusive reconciliation process and offered to share "democratic experiences" with that country.
Meanwhile, CNN-IBN has accessed secret military junta documents that reveal Myanmar's keenness to develop relations with India, apparently to counterbalance China. The documents also say that "friendly" Indian diplomats must be cultivated and that the Indian diplomats' advice and help on influential US Congressmen must be sought.
The documents clearly indicate Myanmar's desire to lessen its political and economic dependence on China. So the PM's visit could see a major push forward on building cooperation on a broad range of issues.
Foreign Secretary Ranjan Mathai said that trade was on the agenda.
Accompanying the Prime Minister is a business delegation led by Bharti Enterprises CEO Sunil Bharti Mittal.
The highlights of the visit
In business, telecom will be the big push. The Number of flights between two countries are also likely to be increased. There are talks of an Imphal-Mandalay bus service.
However, India will have its work cut out. The Chinese pledge of economic assistance to Myanmar is at around $20 billion. India's more modest committments to Myanmar is still nearing completion. And with international sanctions being lifted, India can expect major competition from international firms that are keen to exploit Myanmar's vast reserves of energy, timber and minerals.
(With additional information from PTI) http://ibnlive.in.com/news/pm-on-a-historic-visit-to-myanmar-to-boost-trade/261915-3.html
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PM seeks to heal bad blood on Myanmar visit
Published: Sunday, May 27, 2012, 15:28 IST
Place: SITTWE, Myanmar | Agency: Reuters
In northwest Myanmar, where the Kaladan River flows out into the Bay of Bengal, the two giant arms of a half-built wharf enfold the estuarine mud with steel and concrete.
Their embrace is fraternal - Myanmar's giant neighbour India is funding the new port in Sittwe, the capital of Rakhine State - but also strategic.
The port is part of a $214-million river and road network that will carve a trade route into India's landlocked northeast and underscore New Delhi's determination to capitalise on Myanmar's growing importance at Asia's crossroads.
Manmohan Singh will seek to bolster ties this week during the first visit by an Indian prime minister to Myanmar in 25 years. His official agenda includes road, rail, waterways and air links, says India's foreign ministry.
Unofficially, he must also overcome a history of bad blood with Myanmar, where Indian investments are already dwarfed by regional rival China.
The visit follows a year of dramatic reforms in which Myanmar has pulled back from China's powerful economic and political orbit and won a suspension of U.S. and European sanctions.
President Thein Sein's government has held peace talks with ethnic minority rebels, relaxed strict media censorship, allowed trade unions and protests and held a by-election dominated by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi's opposition party.
As Myanmar emerges from decades of isolation, trade between the countries is already swelling. Myanmar's government expects two-way trade with India to nearly double in two years to $2 billion, from $1.4 billion in the year to March 30, a figure that was nearly 30 percent higher from the previous year, according to Myanmar's Ministry of Commerce.
India should be a natural partner, with ties stretching back to the ancient Buddhist emperor Ashoka and, more recently, a shared experience of British colonialism and World War Two.
But its business interests in the former Burma have been "few and far between" since the mass expulsion of Indian merchants after the military seized power in 1962, says Thant Myint-U, author of "Where China Meets India: Burma and the New Crossroads of Asia".
"Many in India remember all too well that this was the country that nationalised Indian businesses and expelled hundreds of thousands of ethnic Indians with literally nothing more than the shirts on their backs," he said.
One hopeful symbol of improved ties is Sittwe.
The two countries formally agreed on the so-called Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project in April 2008, just seven months after Myanmar's military junta crushed nationwide pro-democracy protests led by Buddhist monks.
Work began on Sittwe port in September 2010, shortly before the former military junta held a rigged election that brought to power a quasi-civilian but surprisingly reformist government.
Indian conglomerate Essar Group is building the port on 70,000 square metres (753,000 sq ft) of landfill in Sittwe's centre. It should be ready in two years, says Myanmar's Commerce Ministry, accommodating ships from the Indian city of Kolkata, a 539-km (334 mile) voyage away across the Bay of Bengal, and handling up to 500,000 tonnes a year.
From Sittwe, ships will sail up the Kaladan River to the town of Paletwa, where Essar will build a second, smaller port. A 122-km (76-mile) highway will connect Paletwa to the Indian state of Mizoram. The two ports and dredge work will cost $74 million. The highway will cost $140 million.
Strategic Significance
India is already Myanmar's third-biggest export market after Thailand and China. But Thant Myint-U plays down Myanmar's economic importance to India. "Myanmar is extremely important for India's northeast, but because the northeast itself rarely gets Delhi's attention, that in itself doesn't count for much."
However, New Delhi is acutely aware of Myanmar's strategic significance "because of China's increasing economic presence and anxiety about a possible future Chinese presence on the Bay of Bengal", he says.
Not far south of Sittwe, Chinese money is funding a bigger port and special economic zone in Kyaukphyu, a coastal town where Myanmar-China pipelines reach the Bay of Bengal, creating a passage from western China to South and Southeast Asia and allowing shipments of fuel and natural resources to avoid the Malacca Strait.
An Essar company official said "communication problems" had been a headache during the project, with Myanmar officials slow to provide information and language issues also a hurdle. The company, however, would consider further projects in the country, given they had already worked there.
"Business is all about relationships, and we have been meeting the right people," the official said.
A delegation of Indian business officials will join the prime minister on his visit, said an Indian Foreign Ministry official, adding that India was looking at setting up a special economic zone.
Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi was once lionised by New Delhi, which gave her the prestigious Jawaharlal Nehru Award in 1993 and Myanmar's dictatorship the cold shoulder.
But with growing investment in Myanmar by regional rival China, the world's biggest democracy has forged closer ties, inviting former dictator Senior General Than Shwe on an official state visit to India in 2004.
Three years later, after he presided over a violent crackdown on pro-democracy protests led by Buddhist monks, India was widely criticised for its muted response amid international outrage.
"Manmohan Singh has to do more than offer ports, bridges and roads, as the Chinese do," says Thant Myint-U. "Instead, he has to ... delve deeply into the very long history of cultural ties between the two countries and come up with a new vision for Indo-Burmese relations.
"The problem is that no one in Burma thinks of India when they think of the future."
Still, Myanmar expects to benefit from the Sittwe project, partly from jobs. Essar employs 600 local people on the Sittwe site, although it brought in most of its skilled workers and specialist construction equipment from India.
"This project is good for the northeast part of India and for Myanmar," Myanmar Industry Minister Soe Thein said in an interview with Reuters in the capital, Naypyitaw. "We can't do it ourselves due to the lack of budget and problems in our financial sector." http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_pm-seeks-to-heal-bad-blood-on-myanmar-visit_1694449
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Bloomberg News
Indias Singh Says Myanmar Visit Will Define Future Partnership
By Rakteem Katakey and Andrew MacAskill on May 27, 2012
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said his three-day visit to Myanmar starting today will define a road map for future cooperation between the neighbors, including forging economic ties.
Stronger trade and investment links, development of border areas, improving connectivity between our two countries are areas to focus on, Singh said in a statement today.
India and Myanmar are likely to sign agreements in these areas during the visit, the prime minister said.
Singh, 79, the first Indian leader to visit Myanmar in a quarter of a century, is resurrecting ties to a neighbor with 64 million people and reserves of natural gas and lumber, as Myanmar reconnects with the global economy following five decades of isolation during military rule.
India welcomes Myanmars transition to democratic governance and the steps taken by the government of Myanmar toward a more broad-based and inclusive reconciliation process, Singh said in the statement.
The prime minister said hes scheduled to meet with pro- democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi during his visit to Yangon and looks forward to addressing a cross-section of Myanmar society.
India, which in British colonial days oversaw the monetary and financial system of what was then Burma, ranked 13th last year in investments in Myanmar, with $189 million pledged in five projects, according to data compiled by IHS Global Insight. China led with $8.3 billion, and South Korea, whose president visited Myanmar earlier this month, pledged $2.95 billion.
Gold Rush
There is a huge gold rush going on in Myanmar right now and everyone is jockeying for position, said Rajiv Biswas, chief economist in Singapore at IHS. India is being left behind. They are not as aggressive in their economic diplomacy as countries like China and South Korea.
Myanmar Prime Minister Thein Seins steps to end military rule have been rewarded with an easing of U.S. and European sanctions, bolstering prospects for a nation the International Monetary Fund said in January could be the next economic frontier in Asia. South Korean President Lee Myung Bak earlier this month pledged to increase aid to Myanmar and the countries agreed to enhance cooperation on energy and developing resources.
Singh will relax terms on a $500 million line of credit, announce a new bus service between Indias northeast and the tourist city of Mandalay and oversee the opening of branches of Indian banks, according to an Indian Foreign Ministry official, who asked not to be named because he isnt authorized to speak publicly on the matter.
Insurgent Groups
Also on the agenda is cooperation to contain insurgent groups with bases in Myanmar that have sought independence or greater autonomy for some of Indias northeastern states.
India, Myanmars fourth-largest trading partner after China, Thailand and Singapore, approved plans in 2010 for Oil & Natural Gas Corp. (ONGC) and GAIL India Ltd. (GAIL) to invest a combined $1.3 billion in a natural gas project in Myanmar. Tata Motors Ltd. (TTMT), Indias biggest commercial-vehicle maker, said in March last year it will help set up a factory in Myanmar to build trucks.
Myanmars economy is set to grow 6 percent in the fiscal year ending March 31, the fastest pace since 2006, on higher natural gas sales and government measures to make it easier to do business, according to the Asian Development Bank. The country has one of the lowest per capita gross domestic products in Asia, according to IMF estimates.
Policy Shift
The nation, which borders China and India and has the second-largest land area in Southeast Asia behind Indonesia, earlier this year implemented its biggest economic policy shift since Thein Sein took office a year ago. The central bank scrapped a 35-year fixed currency system in April, and is moving to unify multiple exchange rates for the kyat that have discouraged trade and foreign direct investment, according to the IMF.
The last Indian prime minister to visit Myanmar was Rajiv Gandhi in 1987. The next year marked the public emergence of Suu Kyi, daughter of a Myanmar independence hero. She was first detained before 1990 elections in which her party won about 80 percent of seats for a committee that was designed to draft a new constitution. The military rejected the results.
To contact the reporters on this story: Rakteem Katakey in New Delhi at rkatakey@bloomberg.net; Andrew MacAskill in New Delhi at amacaskill@bloomberg.net
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Paul Tighe at ptighe@bloomberg.net http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-05-27/india-s-singh-says-myanmar-visit-will-define-future-partnership
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Energy quest, China concern takes Prime Minister to Myanmar
AP New Delhi, May 27, 2012
First Published: 12:26 IST(27/5/2012)
Last Updated: 14:43 IST(27/5/2012)
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh departed on Sunday on a three-day visit to Myanmar that underscores India's quest for energy supplies and concerns about China's strong influence in the Southeast Asian country.
Singh said he hoped to focus on stronger trade and investment links, development of border areas and improving connectivity between India and Myanmar.
India remains "committed to a close, cooperative and mutually beneficial partnership with the government and people of Myanmar," Singh said in a statement before leaving for Yangon, Myanmar's biggest city.
The visit highlights India's search for energy supplies to fuel its economic boom and concerns about China's influence in Myanmar, where the elected - but military-backed - government is opening up its economy for investment and trade.
In recent years, India has nervously watched Beijing's domination of Myanmar's oil and gas exploration projects. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers are in Myanmar working on infrastructure and other projects.
Indian officials, however, are loath to acknowledge that India's Myanmar policy is being driven by China's inroads there. Countering Chinese challenge
India wants to "secure a stronger and mutually beneficial relationship with a neighboring country that is integral to India's Look East policy," foreign secretary Ranjan Mathai told reporters on Friday.
India has adopted a Look East policy of engaging with southeast and east Asia, reaching out and deepening bilateral ties with Japan, South Korea, Vietnam and Indonesia among others in the region.
Singh's visit will be the first in 25 years by an Indian Prime Minister, although the two countries share a 1,600-kilometer (1,000-mile) land border, as well as a maritime border in the Bay of Bengal.
Myanmar, which was once known as Burma, had been an international pariah for decades under a military junta that quashed any hopes of democratic reform. A 2010 election, though, has lead to at least some reforms and a gradual opening up to the rest of the world.
The competition between India and China in Myanmar is expected to surface again when Myanmar begins auctioning new natural gas blocks, both offshore and onshore, in which Indian companies are expected to participate actively.
"It would be in Myanmar's interest to not put all its eggs in one basket," says Rajiv Bhatia, a former Indian ambassador to Myanmar, referring to China's overwhelming presence in Myanmar's oil and gas exploration sector.
Mathai said that during Singh's visit, the two countries are slated to start a bus link between Imphal, capital Manipur state, and Mandalay, Myanmar's second-largest city.
India also will announce the creation of an IT training institute, an agricultural research center and a rice research park in Myanmar, Mathai said.
Over decades of isolation by the West, China reached out to Myanmar, building billions of dollars in roads and gas pipelines in the impoverished country.
New Delhi too has offered Myanmar aid and assistance, but not on the same scale as China.
In recent years, India has offered around $800 million in credit to Myanmar to help develop infrastructure such as railways, roads and waterways.
New Delhi also is helping build a port in the coastal Myanmar city of Sittwe. That port, Indian officials hope, will act as a trade gateway between India's northeastern states and Southeast Asia.
Bilateral trade between India and Myanmar was around $1.2 billion in 2011. Both sides hope to push trade to $3 billion by 2015.
Singh's trip follows high level visits to India by Myanmar's reformist President Thein Sein in October and visits by the foreign ministers of the two countries.
In the 1980s and early '90s, India was a strong supporter of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi in her fight against the country's military. Singh will meet with Suu Kyi on Tuesday.
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited Myanmar in 1987, the last visit by an Indian premier.
But in the mid-'90s, India changed tack to engage with the country's military junta, resisting pressures from the Western democracies that had imposed economic sanctions on Myanmar.
New Delhi insisted it had to follow a pragmatic policy, because it needed its neighbor's help to crack down on Indian rebels who had built hideouts in the jungles along the India-Myanmar border.
India also argued that Myanmar's military leaders could be nudged toward democracy only by engaging with them - not by isolating the impoverished nation.
Mathai said India also was opposed to the sanctions because Myanmar was a neighbor.
"When you are a neighboring country, you do not have the choice of a policy and engagement," Mathai said.
"You remain engaged irrespective of the situation."
In the past year, Myanmar's military leaders have freed thousands of political prisoners, eased limits on the press and launched a series of economic reform measures. The military-backed regime allowed Suu Kyi's political party to contest elections and ushered in an elected government.
In April, the European Union suspended most of its sanctions to reward Myanmar's political reforms, and the United States said this month that it would suspend a ban on American investment in the country. http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/NewDelhi/PM-leaves-for-Myanmar-energy-need-and-China-in-focus/Article1-861957.aspx
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PM makes historic visit to Myanmar
Last Updated: Sunday, May 27, 2012, 14:36
PM makes historic visit to Myanmar New Delhi: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Sunday said India and Myanmar would explore new initiatives and define a roadmap for further boosting of bilateral ties with focus on trade, investment and connectivity as he begins a three-day visit to that country.
Pointing out that India attaches the highest importance to its relations with Myanmar, a "close friend and neighbour", Singh said in a statement shortly before his departure for Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar's new capital, that "recent years have witnessed significant strengthening and expansion of our bilateral relations" and his coming visit "will provide an opportunity to review the progress in implementation of decisions" taken during the "highly successful visit" of Myanmar President Thein Sein to India in October last year.
"We will also consider new initiatives and define a roadmap for the further development of our cooperation in the years ahead," said Singh, who will be the first Indian Prime Minister to visit Myanmar in quarter of a century since Rajiv Gandhi's trip to that country in December, 1987.
The Prime Minister, who will hold talks with Sein on Monday at Nay Pyi Taw, said that during his visit to Myanmar he hopes to focus on "stronger trade and investment links, development of border areas, improving connectivity between our two countries and building capacity and human resources".
"We also hope to sign a number of agreements and MoUs to further strengthen our bilateral cooperation in these areas, besides promoting people-to-people contacts," Singh said.
Singh, who will also meet leader of the opposition and Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi in Yangon on Tuesday, said India welcomes Myanmar's "transition to democratic governance and the steps taken by the government of Myanmar towards a more broad-based and inclusive reconciliation process and offered to share "democratic experiences" with that country.
Since taking office more than a year ago, President Thein Sein has surprised many critics by releasing Suu Kyi from 15 years of house arrest and allowing her National League for Democracy (NLD) to contest and win Parliamentary Elections in April this year, freeing other political prisoners, opening talks with ethnic rebels and easing media censorship and restoring labour unions right to strike.
Singh said he was looking forward to address a cross-section of Myanmar society and interact with the Indian and Indian-origin community in Yangon on the final day of his visit.
The Prime Minister said the "shared history and culture" of India and Myanmar "provides a strong basis for the enhancement of contacts between the people of our two countries" and India remains "committed to a close, cooperative and mutually beneficial partnership with the government and people of Myanmar".
Singh said he is looking forward to visiting the historic Shwedagon Pagoda, a testament to 2600 years of Buddhist heritage, and the mazar (the grave) of the last Emperor of India, Bahadur Shah Zafar, in Yangon.
The Pagoda houses the hairs of Lord Buddha who had given them to two merchant brothers in return for a honey cake they offered to him.
High on Singh's agenda of talks with Myanmar President Thein Sein, a former army general heading a quasi-civilian government, will be deepening ties in energy, security, connectivity, trade and information technology.
The two countries are expected to sign a number of agreements in energy sector and connectivity during the visit.
The high-points among the slew of agreements will be the ones relating to an offshore gas block awarded to private Indian company Jubilant Energy in global competition and a passenger bus service between Imphal and Mandalay, Myanmar's second largest city after Yangon.
PTI http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/pm-heads-to-myanmar-to-meet-aung-san-suu-kyi_777884.html
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Indian PM visiting Myanmar amid energy quest
By AP News May 27, 2012 11:04AM UTC
NEW DELHI (AP) The visit of Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to Burma on Sunday is the latest sign that India now believes it needs to assert its presence in its eastern neighbor.
The visit underscores Indias quest for energy supplies to fuel its economic boom and concerns about Chinas strong influence in Burma, where the elected but military-backed government is opening up its economy for investment and trade.
In recent years, India has nervously watched Beijings domination of Burmas oil and gas exploration projects. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers are in Burma working on infrastructure and other projects.
Indian officials, however, are loath to admit that Indias Burma policy is being driven by Chinas inroads there.
India wants to secure a stronger and mutually beneficial relationship with a neighboring country that is integral to Indias Look East policy, Foreign Secretary Ranjan Mathai told journalists Friday.
India has adopted a Look East policy of engaging with southeast and east Asia, reaching out and deepening bilateral ties with Japan, South Korea, Vietnam and Indonesia among others in the region.
Singhs visit will be the first in 25 years by an Indian prime minister, although the two countries share a 1,600-kilometer (1,000-mile) land border, as well as a maritime border in the Bay of Bengal.
Burma, which is also known as Myanmar, had been an international pariah for decades under a military junta that quashed any hopes of democratic reform. A 2010 election, though, has lead to at least some reforms and a gradual opening up to the rest of the world.
The competition between India and China in Burma is expected to surface again when Burma begins auctioning new natural gas blocks, both offshore and onshore, in which Indian companies are expected to participate actively.
It would be in Burmas interest to not put all its eggs in one basket, says Rajiv Bhatia, a former Indian ambassador to Myanmar, referring to Chinas overwhelming presence in Burmas oil and gas exploration sector.
Mathai said that during Singhs visit, the two countries are slated to start a bus link between Imphal, capital of Indias Manipur state, and Mandalay, Burmas second largest city.
India also will announce the creation of an IT training institute, an agricultural research center and a rice research park in Burma, Mathai said.
Over decades of isolation by the West, China reached out to Burma, building billions of dollars in roads and gas pipelines in the impoverished country.
New Delhi too has offered Burma aid and assistance, but not on the same scale as China.
In recent years, India has offered around $800 million in credit to Burma to help develop infrastructure such as railways, roads and waterways. New Delhi also is helping build a port in the coastal Burma city of Sittwe. That port, Indian officials hope, will act as a trade gateway between Indias northeastern states and southeast Asia.
Bilateral trade between India and Burma was around $1.2 billion in 2011. Both sides hope to push trade to $3 billion by 2015.
Singhs trip follows high level visits to India by Burmas reformist President Thein Sein in October and visits by the foreign ministers of the two countries.
In the 1980s and early 90s, India was a strong supporter of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi in her fight against the countrys military. Singh will meet with Suu Kyi on Tuesday.
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited Burma in 1987, the last visit by an Indian premier. But in the mid-90s, India changed tack to engage with the countrys military junta, resisting pressures from the Western democracies that had imposed economic sanctions on Burma.
New Delhi insisted it had to follow a pragmatic policy, because it needed its neighbors help to crack down on Indian rebels who had built hideouts in the jungles along the India-Burma border
India also argued that Burmas military leaders could be nudged toward democracy only by engaging with them not by isolating the impoverished nation.
Mathai said India also was opposed to the sanctions because Burma was a neighbor.
When you are a neighboring country, you do not have the choice of a policy and engagement, Mathai said. You remain engaged irrespective of the situation.
In the past year, Burmas military leaders have freed thousands of political prisoners, eased limits on the press and launched a series of economic reform measures. The military-backed regime allowed Suu Kyis political party to contest elections and ushered in an elected government.
In April, the European Union suspended most of its sanctions to reward Burmas political reforms. Last week, the United States said it would suspend a ban on American investment in the country.
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China takes advantage of power-shortage protests in Burma
Sun, 2012-05-27 00:32 editor
Article
By - Zin Linn
Intolerable for electricity shortages, demonstrators have taken the street in several towns in Burma this week, including former capital Rangoon and ancient capital Mandalay since citizens test the limit of democratic changes, warning the one-year old quasi-civilian government to take responsibilities for the incompetence management.
After standing by the protests for a few days, police cracked down a gathering in the town of Pyi in Bago Division, at least five protesters had faced temporary incarceration. In Mandalay, many member from the National League for Democracy led by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi were temporarily held for questioning.
In a Reuters news report, Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) Secretary-General Surin Pitsuwan said it was important for Burma (Myanmar) as a ASEAN country to stay the course and resist any temptation to suppress dissent.
"If a country or society aspires to open to democracy, it has to be prepared to deal with popular participation, pressure, demand, conflicts, tension, in some cases violence," Surin, a former foreign minister of Thailand, told Reuters in an interview.
Burmese people have been suffering from power shortage for more than two decades. Although the military-dominated regime gains a large sum of hard currency by exporting the natural gas to neighboring countries, it neglects sharing the indispensable power supplies to its citizens for twenty years.
The government has exploited building national development projects through international financial assistance with no planning of national development via from its export-incomes. Significantly the public sector (health, education, sanitation, clean water, electricity etc) has never benefitted from the country's natural gas export earnings.
For instance, it obtained US$2.947 billion in the first 11 months of the fiscal year 2011-12, up about US$424.77 from US$2.522 billion in 2010-11. Natural gas export earning stood at US$2.926 billion in 2009-10, up from US$2.384 in 2008-09, according to the Flower News Journal. But, amazingly, these natural gas export net earnings are never transferred to the budget and never used for social and infrastructure development, especially in ethnic minority regions.
Meanwhile, news from Xinhua says that China will encourage its enterprises to discuss cooperation on upgrading Myanmar's power grid in order to help ease power shortages in the country, a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said at a routine press conference Thursday.
Anti-blackout Protesters accused the current government of selling energy resources to China, which, they articulate, has led to frequent power cut in the resource-rich country.
Burma's military-backed quasi-civilian government has cautioned the protestors against power shortages to abide by the law. Remarkably, Presidents political adviser Ko Ko Hlaing said in a press conference that whereas protests were accustomed to a democratic country, they are required to be authorized and nonviolent. Under new public demonstration laws, public gatherings need to get permission from authorities and they need to apply for permission at least a week ahead.
In a press statement dated 21 May 2012 by the Kachin Development Networking Group, Chinese media last week revealed that the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) is currently conducting an independent inspection of the Irrawaddy Myitsone dam, being built by China Power Investment Corporation (CPI), to prove that the dam is completely safe and beneficial.
Such a study would be a major boost in CPIs bid to push ahead with the suspended project. According to Xu Zeping of the Chinese Committee on Large Dams, a member of ICOLD, the Myitsone project is currently under third-party inspection in order to drive out peoples doubts. - KDNGs statement says. http://kachinlandnews.com/?p=21817
In 2011 September, President Thein Sein government has suspended a controversial $3.6 billion hydroelectric power project which has faced objections from various social strata nationwide.
The 500-foot dam has been under construction at the confluence of the Mali Hka River and NMai Hka River, 27 miles north of the Kachin capital of Myitkyina. Construction at Myitsone began on December 21, 2009, led by Chinas state owned China Power Investment Corporation (CPI) in cooperation with Burmas Asia World Company (AWC) and the Burmese governments No. 1 Ministry of Electric Power.
Nevertheless, Chinas lobbying for Myitsone dam project may not be agreed by the majority population of Burma since the Irrawaddy River is not only the lifeline of the country but also it is the most important reason for environmental devastation. As majority of Burmese citizens opposed the massive dam project, the current president decided to suspend it. The presidents decision seems to avoid a nationwide protest in time.
On the other hand, Burmas Nobel laureate and opposition party leader Aung San Suu Kyi gave speeches this week at the opening ceremonies of three NLDs Township offices in downtown Rangoon.
I am fond of peaceful protest news I observed on the radio that Mandalay citizens launched a protest holding candles, she said.
They protest as they need electricity. Power shortage takes place in this country for so many years due to policy error. However, it is impossible to revise the situation within a short period. But, people have their right to protest for their need. So, I support peaceful protest, Suu Kyi said.
Some analysts think that if the government ignored to address the issue of power cut, it could change into a mass demonstration within a few months because it directly interrelated with the large corruption cases in various power development projects run by high-ranking officials.
- Asian Tribune - http://www.asiantribune.com/news/2012/05/26/china-takes-advantage-power-shortage-protests-burma
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